homeostasis  nanoelectrode amperometry  phagolysosomes  ROS  RNS production  

RNS-O  酚醛树脂  耐热性  

4E-BP1  4E binding protein  AMPK  AMP-activated protein kinase  ATF6  activating transcription factor 6  ATP  adenosine triphosphate  DEPTOR  DEP domain containing mTOR-interacting protein  CI  complexes I  CII  complex II  CIII  complex III  CIV  complex IV  CV  complex V  eIF2α  Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2α  ER  Endoplasmic Reticulum  ERAD  ER-associated degradation  ERO1α  ER oxidoreductase 1 α  FoxO1  Forkhead box O1  GβL  G Protein β Subunit Like Protein  GRP78  78 kDa glucose-regulated protein precursor  GSIS  glucose-stimulated insulin secretion  IRE1  Inositol-requiring enzyme 1  IRS1  Insulin receptor substrate 1  IRS2  Insulin receptor substrate 2  mLST8  mammalian lethal with sec-13 protein 8  mSin1  the mammalian stress-activated MAP kinase-interaction protein 1  mtDNA  mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid  mTOR  mammalian TOR  mTORC1  mTOR complex 1  mTORC2  mTOR complex 2  NADPH oxidase  Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase  NOS  nitric oxide synthase  O2–·  superoxide anion  H2O2  hydrogen peroxide  OH·  hydroxyl radical  3O2  triplet-state molecular oxygen  OXPHOS  oxidative phosphorylation  CAT  catalase  GPx  glutathioneperoxidase  PERK  Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase  PDI  ER protein disulfide isomerases  PI3K  the phosphoinositide3-kinase  PRAS40  40-kDa proline-rich Akt substrate  PRAS40  the 40-kDa proline-rich Akt substrate  PROTOR  the protein observed with RICTOR  RAPTOR  regulatory-associated protein of mTOR  RICTOR  The rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR  REDD1  DNA damage response 1  RNS  reactive nitrogen species  ROS  reactive oxygen species  RNS  reactive nitrogen species  S6K  S6 kinase  SOD  superoxidedismutase  T1DM  Type 1 diabetes mellitus  T2DM  Type 2 diabetes mellitus  TOR  the target of rapamycin  TSC2  Tuberous sclerosis 2  UPR  unfolded protein response  Mitochondrial oxidative stress  ER stress  mTOR  Pancreatic β cells  

Blue honeysuckle extract  Adjuvant-induced arthritis  Rat paw edema  Anti-inflammation  Antioxidant  AIA  adjuvant-induced arthritis  BHE  blue honeysuckle extract  CFA  complete Freund's adjuvant  COX-2  cyclooxygenase-2  C3G  cyanidin 3-glucoside  EC  (−)-epicatechin  GGT  gamma-glutamyl transferase  Glu  glucose  GOT  glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase  GPT  glutamate-pyruvate transaminase  GPx  glutathione peroxidase  HDL-c  high density lipoprotein cholesterol  HO-1  heme oxygenase-1  IL  interleukin  iNOS  inducible nitric oxide synthases  LPS  lipopolysaccharide  NO  nitric oxide  Nrf2  nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2  PGE2  prostaglandin E2  RNS  reactive nitrogen species  ROS  reactive oxygen species  SOD  superoxide dismutase  TBARS  thiobarbituric acid reactive substances  T-cho  total cholesterol  TG  triacylglycerol  TNF-α  tumor necrosis factor alpha  

Code-division multiple access  cognitive radios (CRs)  dynamic multiple access (DMA)  multicarrier modulation  multiuser detection (MUD)  redundant residue number system (RRNS)  residue number system (RNS)