题名无线传感器网络高效数据收集与分发机制研究
作者尚志军
学位类别博士
答辩日期2007-02-09
授予单位中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所
授予地点沈阳自动化研究所
导师于海斌 ; 王宏
关键词传感器网络 数据收集 时间同步 路由 通信调度
其他题名Research on Efficient Data Collection and Dissemination in Wireless Sensor Networks
学位专业机械电子工程
中文摘要无线传感器网络(简称“传感器网络”)集成了MEMS传感器、嵌入式计算、网络及无线通信、分布式信息处理等领域的最新研究成果,是当前国际上的热点研究领域。 传感器网络是一种与应用密切相关的网络,但是在传感器网络的各种应用中,数据的收集与分发都是一个基本操作,需要加以深入研究。针对完成周期性数据收集任务的传感器网络,本文主要就数据收集所采用的上行通信模式和数据分发所采用的下行通信模式展开研究。论文的主要工作及贡献如下。为了节省通信能耗,本文提出了在全网时间同步支持下的网络层通信调度方法。由于这一方法建立在全网时间同步的基础上,我们首先对传感器网络中的时间同步问题进行了深入研究,提出了一种低开销的扩散式网络时间同步方法。这种方法利用时戳的单向传递同步可直接通信的节点,利用启发式规则减少了同步过程扩散到整个网络时的冗余报文。在时间同步研究的基础上,本文提出了基于TDMA思想的网络层通信调度方法。该方法在基于链路质量估计的路由算法中加入收发器开关状态的时分调度功能,不仅减小了节点的通信能耗,同时利用网络层的通信调度,减少了隐终端对报文成功传输的影响。基于协议跨层设计思想,本文对TinyOS中的路由协议进行了改进,加入了物理层发射功率自适应调节功能。根据网络层对一跳传输质量的估计,动态调节收发器功率,提高了多跳路由协议的可靠性和健壮性。广播是下行通信模式中的基本操作,但是简单的广播将使传感器节点耗费过多的能量。为了减少在稠密网络中进行简单广播所产生的冗余报文,结合邻节点通信连接关系比较法和重复报文计数法,本文提出了一种能有效抑制冗余报文的高效广播方法。在开展以上研究工作的过程中,设计和实现了可应用于大型温室的无线温湿度监测网络,结合实际工程研究了数据收集协议的性能,提高了研究工作的实用价值。
索取号TP212/S32/2007
英文摘要Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a hot research field in the world today. It integrates technologies from MEMS sensor, embedded computing, network/wireless communication and distributed information processing etc. Although WSN is an application tied network, data collection and dissemination is a basic operation in almost all kinds of applications. Therefore, research on upstream communication pattern and downstream communication pattern is carried out in this dissertation. Main contributions are as follows: To reduce the energy consumption on communications, a network layer scheduling approach, which supported by network-wide time synchronization, is proposed. Therefore, how to fulfill network-wide time synchronization is studied firstly. A low overhead diffusion time synchronization protocol, LOTS, is proposed. LOTS aims to reduce the overhead of time synchronization beacon. Unidirectional time synchronization beacon transferring is used to synchronize nodes that can communicate in one hop. In the process of time synchronization beacon diffusion, a heuristic rule is used to reduce the redundant packets. Based on the study on network-wide time synchronization a TDMA like radio on-off scheduling mechanism, Sched-Mint, is added to link-quality based routing. It reduces the energy consumption in communications and avoids the hidden terminal problem as well. Borrowing the idea of cross layer design, a transmission power adjustment function was added to original routing protocol in TinyOS. It adjusts the transmission power based of link quality estimation in network layer. This method enhances the reliability and robustness of routing protocol. To reduce the overhead during the dissemination of configuration or management packet, an efficient broadcast algorithm is proposed. Broadcasting is a basic operation in downstream communication. But simply flooding is energy cost operation. To reduce the redundant packet in simple broadcasting scheme, we proposed ripple, an efficient broadcast method. It combined the idea of radio connectivity estimation and counter based broadcast algorithm. Therefore, redundant packets are suppressed effectively. We designed and implemented a real sensor network, which can monitor indoor temperature and humidity. It was used successfully in the rosarium of Expo2006 Shenyang. Part of the works in the dissertation is evaluated in this project.
语种中文
产权排序1
公开日期2010-11-29
页码120
分类号TP212
内容类型学位论文
源URL[http://ir.sia.ac.cn//handle/173321/85]  
专题沈阳自动化研究所_工业信息学研究室_工业控制系统研究室
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
尚志军. 无线传感器网络高效数据收集与分发机制研究[D]. 沈阳自动化研究所. 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所. 2007.
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