| 题名 | 中国山区产业发展及其环境影响研究 |
| 作者 | 王青 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2003 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 成都 |
| 导师 | 陈国阶 |
| 关键词 | 产业发展理论 时空等价概念模型 发展差异 环境影响评价与规划 |
| 其他题名 | Industrial Development and its Impact on Environment in Mountain Areas of China |
| 学位专业 | 自然地理学 |
| 中文摘要 | "中国山区产业发展及其环境影响"，是立足山区全面建设小康社会而开展的基础性、前瞻性、战略性研究。本文主要研究内容包括：1中国山区产业发展理论研究区域发展是产业结构演进、空间结构优化的时空藕合过程，产业结构、空间结构、区域开发理论三位一体，相互对应。在不同的发展阶段，就有不同的产业结构、空间结构及与此相适应的产业（布局）开发理论。通过区域空间几何要素与区域开发理论模式之间所存在的映射关系，发现了区域开发理论模式的周期现象，并相应地提出了区域开发的"周期表"理论。指出现阶段中国山区可供选择的开发模式：（1）边远落后山区采用增长极模式；（2）有一定经济基础的近山区可采用点一轴模式。2自然资源对中国山区产业发展的贡献研究新时期，中国山区资源对全国社会经济发展的重要度（贡献度）及其排序如下：生物资源（0.239））旅游资源（0.204）＞水资源（0.198）＞土地资源（0.175）＞矿产资源（0.095）＞气候资源（0.089）3中国山区发展（阶段）理论模型与预测在理论上，首次提出区域发展的新概念-"时空等价概念模型"。在此基础上，构建区域发展机理模型（即T＝S模型）；提出多段逻辑斯蒂组合曲线可准确表征区域发展的螺旋式上升和波浪式前进的阶段性特征。然后，通过T＝S模型，对1990-2002年中国经济增长轨迹进行了拟合分析，得出区域内享增长率r＝0.546，这一时间序列模拟结果与空间差异模型的横断面分析结果极其一致（r＝0.54～0.55），并对全国及其山区实现全面小康的时间进行了评价与预测。4中国山区经济发展差异研究通过系统分析中国山区经济发展态势，初步得出以下结论：就农业产值对人均GDP的单位贡献率而言，山区不低于平原及发达地区，山区与其它区域的实际差距来源于非农产业的空间发展不平衡，非农产业结构与水平的差距是导致山区经济落后的根本原因；各地山区农业产业人均增加值表现为一条无差异（或微差异）曲线，非农产业人均增加值决定中国山区与山区之间的经济发展差异；中国山区非农产业发展水平以秦岭一淮河一线为界，南、北分异显著。5中国山区产业发展的环境影响评价与规划提出理论环境影响评价新概念及其两个重要模型；从理论上探讨了经济效益、社会效益与生态效益综合评价模型。同时，对产业环境规划概念有了进一步的新认识：产业发展环境"规划"是一种弹性规划，也是一种生态设计，更是一种艺术。以晋西黄土高原丘陵沟壑区的王家沟流域为例，提出了农业生态产业设计的理想模式。6中国山区产业与环境协调发展的对策提出山区产业与环境协调发展的理论与对策：（1）构建山区发展的耗散结构；(2)按照区域发展的"周期表"规律，构建"山区主导产业"、"区域空间结构""区域开发型式"三位一体系统工程；（3）加强山区产业"条与块"联系，大力发展非农产业；切实加强山区产业的环境影响评价与规划。 |
| 英文摘要 | "Industrial development and its impact on environment in mountain areas of China" is a kind of fundamental research with forecasting and strategic significance. It is one of the creative works to construct a comparatively better-off society in mountain areas. The main contents and creative achievements in this paper are as follows: 1. Researches on industrial development theories in mountain areas of China Through utilizing the corresponding relationship between the geometrical constituents of regional space and the theoretical modes of regional development, a new framework of regional development has been proposed. The author brought forward the "lifecycle form" according to the theory of regional development: namely, industrial structure, spatial structure and the theory of regional development are interrelated and interact on each other. There are different industrial structures, spatial structures and relevant theories of industrial structure & development in the different developmental phases. At the present time, the author argues: the "Growth Pole Theory" may be applied in remote mountain areas and the "Pole-Axis Theory" may be applied in the vicinity of mountain areas where there is a better economic condition. 2. Researches on industrial development and the contribution of natural resources in the Mountains According to the situation of national social and economic development, at the present time, the ranks of contribution of resources in mountains are shown as the following: biologic resources (0.239) > tourism resources (0.204) > hydraulic resources (0.198) > land resources (0.175) > mineral resources (0.095) > climate resources (0.089). 3. Theoretical model and forecast of industrial development (phases) in mountains of China The author has put forward a new concept of regional development-"the conceptual model of time-equal-space". Based on this concept, a mechanism model of regional development was established by the author, namely T=S model. By utilizing the T=S model, he has analyzed and calculated the economic increasing tracks of China from 1990-2002 and reached a conclusion that regional intrinsic increases rate r=0.546. This result achieved by simulation of temporal sequence is similar to the result which is achieved by analyzing transect of spatial difference model (r=0.54～0.55). Finally, the author also gave an evaluation and a forecast of the time when a comparatively better-off society in overall China and in mountain areas of China. 4. Researches on economic development difference in mountain areas of China By analyzing economic developmental situation in mountain areas of China, this paper drew a series of conclusions. Firstly, with regard to contribution to per capita GDP offered by agricultural industries, there is little difference between industries in the mountain areas and those in the plain areas (the developed areas). In fact, the actual economic development difference results from spatial developmental unbalance of off-farming industries. Secondly, the contribution of agricultural industries to per capita GDP in all mountain areas has shown a curve without difference, so the increase value of off-farm industries has determined the economic development gaps among mountain areas of China. Finally, regarding the developmental state of off farming industries in mountain areas of China, there is remarkable difference between the southern and the northern part of China. The dividing line is Qin-Ling Mountain and the Huaihe River. 5. Environmental impact assessment and plan of the industrial development in mountain areas of China The author has put forward a new concept and two important models on environmental impact assessment. He has also discussed the integrated assessment model concerning economic, social and ecological benefit. Meanwhile, he has presented his understanding on industrial environmental plan, which is not only a kind of elastic plan, but also a kind of eco-design and a kind of art. Finally, this paper put forward an ideal model of the design for agricultural eco-industries, taking the Wangjiagou in the loess plateau in western Shanxi province for example. 6. The strategy of achieving a balanced development between mountain industries and environmental protection in mountain areas of China This paper proposed a series of theories and strategies to achieve a balance between industrial development and environmental protection in mountain areas. First of all a kind of dissipative structure of the development in mountain areas should be established. Secondly, a synergetic systems engineering should be established, which includes the dominant industry in mountain areas, the regional spatial structure and the style of regional development. Thirdly, the link between local and regional industries should be strengthened and the off- farm industries should be greatly promoted. Finally, the environmental impact assessment and plan of industries in mountain areas should be emphasized. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2015-02-06 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/7798]  |
| 专题 | 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王青. 中国山区产业发展及其环境影响研究[D]. 成都. 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所. 2003. |
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