Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea, China

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	Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea, China
	Hu, Ning-Jing 1; Huang, Peng 2; Liu, Ji-Hua 1; Shi, Xue-Fa 1; Ma, De-Yi 1; Liu, Ying3
刊名	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
	2013-02-01
卷号	20 期号:2 页码:1031-1040
关键词	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Source apportionment Diagnostic ratios Principal components analysis Multivariate linear regression Cluster analysis
ISSN号	0944-1344
通讯作者	Hu, NJ
中文摘要	A total of 112 surface sediment samples covering virtually the entire Bohai Sea were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in order to provide the extensive information of recent occurrence levels, distribution, possible sources, and potential biological risk of these compounds in this area. Surface sediment samples were collected from the Bohai Sea using a stainless steel grab sampler. Sixteen PAHs were determined by a Finnigan TRACE DSQ gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Diagnostic ratios, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) with multivariate linear regression (MLR) were performed to identify and quantitatively apportion the major sources of sedimentary PAHs in the Bohai Sea. Concentrations of total PAHs in the Bohai Sea ranged widely from 97.2 to 300.7 ng/g (mean, 175.7 +/- 37.3 ng/g). High concentrations of PAHs were found in the vicinity of Luan River Estuary-Qinhuangdao Harbor, Cao River Estuary-Bohai Sea Center, and north of the Yellow River Estuary. The three-ring PAHs were most abundant, accounting for about 37 +/- 5 % of total PAHs. The four-ring and five-ring PAHs were the next dominant ones comprising approximately 29 +/- 7and 23 +/- 3 % of total PAHs, respectively. Concentrations of acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, and dibenz[a,h]anthracene are higher than Canadian interim marine sediment quality guideline values at most of the sites in the study area. Contamination levels of PAHs in the Bohai Sea were low in comparison with other coastal sediments in China and developed countries. The distribution pattern of PAHs and source identification implied that PAH contamination in the Bohai Sea mainly originates from petrogenic and pyrogenic sources. Further PCA/MLR analysis suggested that the contributions of spilled oil products (petrogenic), coal combustion, and traffic-related pollution were 39, 38, and 23 %, respectively. Pyrogenic sources (coal combustion and traffic-related pollution) contributed 61 % of anthropogenic PAHs to sediments, which indicates that energy consumption could be a dominant factor in PAH pollution in this area. Acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, and dibenz[a,h]anthracene are the three main species of PAHs with more ecotoxicological concern in the Bohai Sea.
英文摘要	A total of 112 surface sediment samples covering virtually the entire Bohai Sea were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in order to provide the extensive information of recent occurrence levels, distribution, possible sources, and potential biological risk of these compounds in this area. Surface sediment samples were collected from the Bohai Sea using a stainless steel grab sampler. Sixteen PAHs were determined by a Finnigan TRACE DSQ gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Diagnostic ratios, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) with multivariate linear regression (MLR) were performed to identify and quantitatively apportion the major sources of sedimentary PAHs in the Bohai Sea. Concentrations of total PAHs in the Bohai Sea ranged widely from 97.2 to 300.7 ng/g (mean, 175.7 +/- 37.3 ng/g). High concentrations of PAHs were found in the vicinity of Luan River Estuary-Qinhuangdao Harbor, Cao River Estuary-Bohai Sea Center, and north of the Yellow River Estuary. The three-ring PAHs were most abundant, accounting for about 37 +/- 5 % of total PAHs. The four-ring and five-ring PAHs were the next dominant ones comprising approximately 29 +/- 7and 23 +/- 3 % of total PAHs, respectively. Concentrations of acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, and dibenz[a,h]anthracene are higher than Canadian interim marine sediment quality guideline values at most of the sites in the study area. Contamination levels of PAHs in the Bohai Sea were low in comparison with other coastal sediments in China and developed countries. The distribution pattern of PAHs and source identification implied that PAH contamination in the Bohai Sea mainly originates from petrogenic and pyrogenic sources. Further PCA/MLR analysis suggested that the contributions of spilled oil products (petrogenic), coal combustion, and traffic-related pollution were 39, 38, and 23 %, respectively. Pyrogenic sources (coal combustion and traffic-related pollution) contributed 61 % of anthropogenic PAHs to sediments, which indicates that energy consumption could be a dominant factor in PAH pollution in this area. Acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, and dibenz[a,h]anthracene are the three main species of PAHs with more ecotoxicological concern in the Bohai Sea.
学科主题	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
WOS标题词	Science & Technology ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine
类目[WOS]	Environmental Sciences
研究领域[WOS]	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
关键词[WOS]	PAH SOURCE ; BAY ; RIVER ; DISTRIBUTIONS ; CONTAMINANTS ; ESTUARY ; COASTAL ; TIANJIN ; EMISSIONS ; SHANGHAI
收录类别	SCI
原文出处	10.1007/s11356-012-1098-3
语种	英语
WOS记录号	WOS:000314065100040
公开日期	2014-07-17
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/16494]
专题	海洋研究所_海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室海洋研究所_海洋生物技术研发中心
作者单位	1.State Ocean Adm, Inst Oceanog 1, Qingdao 266061, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China 3.Univ Sci & Technol China, Suzhou Inst Adv Study, Suzhou 215000, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hu, Ning-Jing,Huang, Peng,Liu, Ji-Hua,et al. Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea, China[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH,2013,20(2):1031-1040.
APA	Hu, Ning-Jing,Huang, Peng,Liu, Ji-Hua,Shi, Xue-Fa,Ma, De-Yi,&Liu, Ying.(2013).Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea, China.ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH,20(2),1031-1040.
MLA	Hu, Ning-Jing,et al."Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea, China".ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH 20.2(2013):1031-1040.