MORPHOLOGY, PHYLOGENY, DYNAMICS, AND ICHTHYOTOXICITY OF PHEOPOLYKRIKOS HARTMANNII (DINOPHYCEAE) ISOLATES AND BLOOMS FROM NEW YORK, USA

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	MORPHOLOGY, PHYLOGENY, DYNAMICS, AND ICHTHYOTOXICITY OF PHEOPOLYKRIKOS HARTMANNII (DINOPHYCEAE) ISOLATES AND BLOOMS FROM NEW YORK, USA
	Tang, Ying Zhong 1,2; Harke, Matthew J.1; Gobler, Christopher J.1
刊名	JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
	2013-12-01
卷号	49 期号:6 页码:1084-1094
关键词	harmful algal blooms (HABs) ichthyotoxicity Pheopolykrikos hartmannii sheepshead minnows
ISSN号	0022-3646
通讯作者	Gobler, CJ
中文摘要	We report on morphological observations, phylogenetic analyses, bloom dynamics, and ichthyotoxicity of the common but poorly characterized dinoflagellate Pheopolykrikos hartmannii (Zimmermann) Matsuoka et Fukuyo. From 2008 to 2010 in the Forge River Estuary, NY, USA, P.hartmannii bloomed during summer and early fall, achieving densities exceeding 8,000 cellsmL(-1) and often dominating microphytoplankton communities. Large subunit (LSU) and small subunit (SSU) rDNA sequences demonstrated that NY isolates of P.hartmannii sequences were 99%-100% identical to P.hartmannii isolates from eastern US and Korea. In both the LSU and SSU rDNA phylogenies, the clades containing P.hartmannii sequences were distinct sister clades to those composed of Polykrikos schwartzii and P.kofoidii. In the LSU rDNA phylogeny, however, the clade composed of P.hartmannii and a sequence of the photosynthetic Polykrikos lebourae was well separated from the clade composed of 10 entries of Polykrikos schwartzii and P.kofoidii. In addition, a gap of similar to 180 bases was observed when the LSU rDNA sequences of P.hartmannii were aligned with P.schwartzii and P.kofoidii but was not observed in the alignment between P.hartmannii and P.lebourae. Using scanning electron microscopy, several morphological features previously not reported for P.hartmannii were observed: a ventral groove located in the sulcus, a deep arc-like apical concavity within the area of apical groove, scale-like vesicles, and a shallow, completely enclosed, loop-like apical groove. Resting cysts with arrow-like surface spines were produced heterothallically by crossing clonal isolates and germinated single gymnoid cells. Finally, filtered and unfiltered bloom water from the Forge River and clonal cultures of P.hartmannii exhibited acute ichthyotoxicity to juvenile sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegates) and aeration did not mitigate this effect, suggesting P.hartmannii is an ichthyotoxic, harmful alga.
英文摘要	We report on morphological observations, phylogenetic analyses, bloom dynamics, and ichthyotoxicity of the common but poorly characterized dinoflagellate Pheopolykrikos hartmannii (Zimmermann) Matsuoka et Fukuyo. From 2008 to 2010 in the Forge River Estuary, NY, USA, P.hartmannii bloomed during summer and early fall, achieving densities exceeding 8,000 cellsmL(-1) and often dominating microphytoplankton communities. Large subunit (LSU) and small subunit (SSU) rDNA sequences demonstrated that NY isolates of P.hartmannii sequences were 99%-100% identical to P.hartmannii isolates from eastern US and Korea. In both the LSU and SSU rDNA phylogenies, the clades containing P.hartmannii sequences were distinct sister clades to those composed of Polykrikos schwartzii and P.kofoidii. In the LSU rDNA phylogeny, however, the clade composed of P.hartmannii and a sequence of the photosynthetic Polykrikos lebourae was well separated from the clade composed of 10 entries of Polykrikos schwartzii and P.kofoidii. In addition, a gap of similar to 180 bases was observed when the LSU rDNA sequences of P.hartmannii were aligned with P.schwartzii and P.kofoidii but was not observed in the alignment between P.hartmannii and P.lebourae. Using scanning electron microscopy, several morphological features previously not reported for P.hartmannii were observed: a ventral groove located in the sulcus, a deep arc-like apical concavity within the area of apical groove, scale-like vesicles, and a shallow, completely enclosed, loop-like apical groove. Resting cysts with arrow-like surface spines were produced heterothallically by crossing clonal isolates and germinated single gymnoid cells. Finally, filtered and unfiltered bloom water from the Forge River and clonal cultures of P.hartmannii exhibited acute ichthyotoxicity to juvenile sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegates) and aeration did not mitigate this effect, suggesting P.hartmannii is an ichthyotoxic, harmful alga.
学科主题	Plant Sciences ; Marine & Freshwater Biology
WOS标题词	Science & Technology ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine
类目[WOS]	Plant Sciences ; Marine & Freshwater Biology
研究领域[WOS]	Plant Sciences ; Marine & Freshwater Biology
关键词[WOS]	HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS ; POLYKRIKOS-KOFOIDII ; DINOFLAGELLATE CYSTS ; LONG-ISLAND ; NOV ; EUTROPHICATION ; GYMNODINIALES ; SCHWARTZII ; INFERENCE ; MRBAYES
收录类别	SCI
原文出处	10.1111/jpy.12114
语种	英语
WOS记录号	WOS:000328343400007
公开日期	2014-07-17
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/16309]
专题	海洋研究所_海洋地质与环境重点实验室
作者单位	1.SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Key Lab Marine Ecol & Environm Sci, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Tang, Ying Zhong,Harke, Matthew J.,Gobler, Christopher J.. MORPHOLOGY, PHYLOGENY, DYNAMICS, AND ICHTHYOTOXICITY OF PHEOPOLYKRIKOS HARTMANNII (DINOPHYCEAE) ISOLATES AND BLOOMS FROM NEW YORK, USA[J]. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY,2013,49(6):1084-1094.
APA	Tang, Ying Zhong,Harke, Matthew J.,&Gobler, Christopher J..(2013).MORPHOLOGY, PHYLOGENY, DYNAMICS, AND ICHTHYOTOXICITY OF PHEOPOLYKRIKOS HARTMANNII (DINOPHYCEAE) ISOLATES AND BLOOMS FROM NEW YORK, USA.JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY,49(6),1084-1094.
MLA	Tang, Ying Zhong,et al."MORPHOLOGY, PHYLOGENY, DYNAMICS, AND ICHTHYOTOXICITY OF PHEOPOLYKRIKOS HARTMANNII (DINOPHYCEAE) ISOLATES AND BLOOMS FROM NEW YORK, USA".JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 49.6(2013):1084-1094.