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题名	安宁河流域生态环境遥感分析及生态脆弱性评价
作者	仙巍
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2011-11-30
授予单位	中国科学院研究生院
授予地点	北京
导师	周介铭 ; 周万村
关键词	安宁河流域 态脆弱 “3S”技术 气候响应
其他题名	Analysis of Ecological Environment based on Remote Sensing and Assessment of Ecological Vulnerability
学位专业	自然地理学
中文摘要	我国是世界上生态脆弱区分布面积最大、生态脆弱性表现最明显的国家之一。安宁河流域地处我国西南山地农牧交错生态脆弱区的腹心地带，是长江流域重要水源涵养地和生态屏障，在我国区域生态安全建设中具有重要地位。该流域由于自然环境的复杂性、脆弱性和长期大规模的不合理人为干扰，造成了生态环境的破坏甚至生态失衡，严重影响着该流域乃至四川、整个长江流域的生态安全和国民经济可持续发展。本研究采用“3S”技术，应用多平台、多时相遥感图像，结合实地调查，建立了安宁河流域生态环境背景数据库，揭示了流域植被覆盖变化对局地气候变化的响应规律；基于“压力-状态-响应”理论建立了一套科学实用的研究区生态脆弱性评价指标体系；运用支持向量机模型对安宁河流域生态脆弱性进行了客观评价。研究成果对保障安宁河流域生态环境安全具有重要的理论和实践意义，为国家和省市等政府部门制定该流域生态保护和重建政策提供重要科学依据。本论文取得的主要研究成果与创新认识如下：（1）针对研究区特殊的地质地理条件，应用多类型遥感图像（TM、MODIS、SPOT5、IKONOS等），通过遥感图像数字处理并结合野外现场调研，建立了研究区土地利用/覆被类型、地质灾害、土壤侵蚀等生态背景数据库。论述了应用多类型多时相高精度遥感图像进行上述目标信息提取的关键技术和方法。（2）在“3S”技术支持下，对研究区土地利用结构、土地利用空间格局、土地利用程度、土地利用时空变化进行了全面定量研究，为研究区生态脆弱性评价提供了基础数据。（3）利用MODIS高时相遥感数据结合同期地面台站的气侯观测数据，分析了安宁河流域植被覆盖特征变化与气侯因子之间的关系，揭示了该流域植被覆盖变化对区域气候变化的响应规律。研究结果表明，降水量、气温等气侯因子的变动会直接反映在NDVI值的大小上，气候因子对植被的生长有密切的影响，这种影响一般在干冷年份影响尤为明显；同时植被指数相对气候变化有滞后性。（4）针对安宁河流域生态环境特点，基于压力-状态-响应(P-S-R)框架模型，建立了一套科学合理、实用性强的研究区生态脆弱性评价指标体系，为客观真实地评价研究区生态脆弱状况奠定了基础。（5）运用支持向量机模型（SVM）进行了安宁河流域生态脆弱性评价，该模型非常适合于处理非线性问题，得到的研究区生态脆弱性评价结果客观合理。
英文摘要	China is one of the countries in the world which ecological fragile region distribution area is the largest, and ecological fragility performance is the most obvious. Anning River Basin is located in hinterland of farming herd crisscross ecological fragile region in Chinese southwest mountainous, which is an important source of water conservation and ecological barrier in the Yangtze River basin, and has an important position in the regional ecological security construction in china. Due to the complexity of natural environment, vulnerability and long-term large-scale unreasonable factitious interference, destruction of the ecological environment and ecological imbalance was found in the valley which seriously affected the ecological safety and sustainable development of national economy in the valley and even Sichuan Basin and the Yangtze River valley. In the study, ecological environment database in Anning River Basin was established, response rule of vegetation coverage and climate change was revealed through the use of" 3S" technology, multi platform and multi-temporal remote sensing images, and field survey. A set of scientific and practical index system of ecological vulnerability assessment of study area was established based on the "pressure state response" theory; ecological vulnerability was objective evaluated of Anning River Basin by using support vector machine model. The research results have important theoretical and practical significance to protect ecological environment security in the Anning River valley, and could provide important scientific basis for departments of national and provincial government to formulate the policy of ecological protection and reconstruction. In this paper, the major achievements and innovations are as follows: (1) Ecological background database of land use / land cover types, geological disasters, soil erosion in research area was build, according to the special geological conditions of study area, by using the multiple types of remote sensing image ( TM, MODIS, SPOT5, IKONOS etc.), and remote sensing digital image processing and the field investigation.The key technology and method of the target information extraction by using multiple types of multi-temporal high-resolution remote sensing image was discussed. (2) In support of the " 3S" technology, land use structure, land use spatial pattern, land use degree, temporal and spatial change of land use in the study area was comprehensive and quantitative studied, which could provide basic data for the assessment of ecological vulnerability of research area. (3) The relationships between vegetation cover change and climate factors were analyzed in Anning River valley, and the response of vegetation cover changes on regional climate change in the basin has been revealed through the use of MODIS high phase remote sensing data in combination with concurrent ground station weather observation data. The results show that, changes of precipitation, temperature and other climatic factors could be reflected directly in the NDVI values, climatic factors were closely related to the growth of vegetation, and this effect was particularly evident in dry years; at the same time, vegetation index lag on climate change. (4) According to the characteristics of ecological environment in Anning River valley, based on pressure state response ( P-S-R ) framework model, A set of scientific and rational, practical evaluation index system of ecological vulnerability in study area was established, which laid the foundation for objectively evaluation of ecological fragile state. (5) Ecological vulnerability was evaluated of Anning River Basin by using the support vector machine model（SVM ) which is suitable for dealing with nonlinear problems, and the evaluation result is objective and reasonable.
语种	中文
公开日期	2013-01-11
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://192.168.143.20:8080/handle/131551/4801]
专题	成都山地灾害与环境研究所_数字山地与遥感应用中心
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	仙巍. 安宁河流域生态环境遥感分析及生态脆弱性评价[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2011.

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