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题名	岷江上游山地灾害对区域分异规律的响应
作者	佘涛
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2008
授予单位	中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所
授予地点	成都
导师	谢洪 ; 王道杰
关键词	GIS 信息量模型 山地灾害 区域分异 垂直地带性 气候带
学位专业	自然地理学
中文摘要	岷江上游地形复杂、相对高度大（1500－3000m），是我国山地灾害频发区，同时也为区域分异孕育了较好条件，区内亚热带到常年积雪的冻原带都有分布。研究两者关系，探讨岷江上游山地灾害对区域分异规律的响应，对研究岷江上游这一生态敏感区具有重要意义。主要研究有：1、利用岷江上游1:10万的DEM图为基础，将岷江上游划分为5779个单元格。采用GIS技术和信息量模型，选取地层岩性、坡向、坡度、河流冲刷作用、断裂与地震烈度、降水和人类工程活动等8个指标作为评价因子，对岷江上游的山地灾害进行危险性区划，依据信息量综合值将岷江上游划分为山地灾害高易发区(面积占22.64%，灾害占78.43%)、中易发区（面积占50.11%，灾害占20.12%）和低易发区(面积占27.25%，灾害占1.46%)，得到岷江上游山地灾害危险性评价图及评价分区图。实现山地灾害的信息化和科学化，为山地灾害的危险性区划服务。2、采用热量和水分指标，在分析区内70个气象点的气候要素的基础上，参照实地植被和土壤的垂直分布状况，对岷江上游进行气候、土壤和植被的区域分异规律进行界定，划分出7个气候带：山地亚热带＜1300m，暖温带1300－2200m，山地温带1900－3000m，山地寒温带3000－3800m，亚寒带湿润区3800－4400m，寒带湿润区4400－5000m，冻原带＞5000m。总整体上看，岷江上游由东南向西北，随着海拔和纬度的升高，岭谷相对高差减少，基带变冷，一些气候、植被和土壤带逐步消失，表现出垂直带谱演替趋于简化的特点。3、分析影响岷江上游山地灾害垂直分布的因素，得出山地灾害对区域分异规律的响应：山地灾害高易发区在各气候带所占的比例随着气候带的上升（从亚热带到冻原带）而逐渐减少；中易发区在各带所占比例，随上述气候带，呈橄榄状分布，即中间大两头小；低易发区在各个气候带所占比例逐渐增高。在不同气候带，其代表灾害种类不同，对人类危害不同，应采取不同的治理对策，有所侧重的进行治理。
英文摘要	The upper reaches of the Minjiang River, where the topography is complicated and the regional differentiation is significant, is an area of frequent disasters in China. From subtropical zone to tundra, this area has a wide distribution. The study on the responses of mountain hazards to the regional distributive laws has a great significance for researches on the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, where also is a fragile ecology area,. This paper includes:1. 5,779 cells are derived from 1:100000 DEM of the region. This paper uses GIS technology and information model, and chooses eight assessment factors：lithology, slope aspect, slope gradient, precipitation, scouring effect of rivers, fracture zone, earthquake and human activity. By calculating the total danger value of each cell, three danger zones are derived, which are high easy-happening area accounting for 22.64% of the area and 78.43% of the disasters, medium-happening area with 50.11% and 20.12%, and low-happening area with 27.25% and 1.46%. Danger assessment map and danger region map of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River are achieved, which is an informative and scientific method to serve the danger regionalization of the mountain hazards.2. Meteorological data of 70 points are analyzed with heat and precipitation index . And the vertical distribution of vegetation and soil are refereed to explore the regional differentiation rules of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River in this paper. As a result, 7 climatic zones are received, which are mountain subtropical climate zone whose height is below 1300 m, warm temperate zone from 1300 to 2200 m, mountain temperate from 1900 to 3000m, cold temperate zone from 3000 to 3800m, humid areas of sub-frigid zone from 3800 to 4400m, humid areas of frigid zone from 4400 to 5000m, tundra zone above 5000m. Generally speaking, it shows that the vertical bands spectra trend to be simplified with the increase of altitude and latitude, and the decrease of the relative height difference and base-band's temperature, and the disappearance of some climate, vegetation and soil types from the southwest to the northeast on the upper reaches of the Minjiang River .3. The response of the mountain hazards to the regional differentiation is explored with the analysis of the influence factors of the upper reaches of the Minjiang River. It shows that the property of high easy-happening area turns smaller and the low-happening area turns bigger while the climate zone becomes cooler. And the climate zones in the middle take the biggest area in the medium-happening area. In different climate zones, the typical disasters are different, and their hazards to human beings are also different. So we should take different control strategy with a special emphasis on certain aspects.
语种	中文
学科主题	灾害学
公开日期	2010-10-14
分类号	P64;TV2
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/2188]
专题	成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前）
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	佘涛. 岷江上游山地灾害对区域分异规律的响应[D]. 成都. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所. 2008.

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