川中丘陵区和三峡地区小流域侵蚀产沙的塘库沉积137Cs断代

CORC > 成都山地灾害与环境研究所 > 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 > 成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前）

	川中丘陵区和三峡地区小流域侵蚀产沙的塘库沉积137Cs断代
	贺秀斌; 文安邦; 张信宝
刊名	地理研究
	2006
卷号	25 期号:4 页码:641-648
关键词	川中丘陵区三峡地区侵蚀产沙 ^137Cs 小流域
其他题名	A study on soil erosion induced sediment yield by reservoir and pond deposits dating with 137Cs in small catchments of the hilly Sichuan Basin and the Three Gorges Region
通讯作者	齐永青
合作状况	国内
中文摘要	选择川中丘陵区和三峡地区四川盐亭、南充和重庆开县的4个小流域,采集塘库沉积泥沙^137Cs样品,确定了1963年以来塘库淤沙量,并据此分析了流域输沙模数和侵蚀模数.研究表明,开县春秋沟的淤沙模数最高,为1869t·km^-2·a^-1;盐亭武家沟和集流沟分别为701t·km^-2,a^-1和710 t·km^-2·a^-1;南充天马湾沟为566 t·km^-2·a^-1.对小流域地貌特征的分析和谷地水田取样结果表明,除塘库淤积区外,各小流域谷地内基本无泥沙淤积.因此,除南充天马湾沟按现有水面面积作为淤积面积求算的淤沙模数明显偏小外,其他小流域的塘库淤沙模数基本可以表征各研究小流域的侵蚀模数.对研究小流域侵蚀产沙影响因素的分析表明,除降雨和土地利用状况外,地形起伏、土壤抗蚀性及岩层产状也是三地侵蚀程度差异的重要原因.
英文摘要	There are a huge number of smal l reservoirs and ponds w ith quite high depo sit ion rates in the hilly Sichuan Basin and the Three Go rges Region1 Four small catchment s w ith a dr ainag e area of less than 1km2 each in Yant ing and N anchong o f Sichuan Pr ovince and Kaix ian of Cho ng qing were selected for this study1 Incremental samples of sediment deposit pro files for 137Cs dat ing w ere collected in the four ponds to est imate the deposit ion vo-l umes since 1963, and to analy se the specific sediment y ields and the average ero sion rates of those catchment s1 The highest specif ic sediment yields for depositio n in the ponds is 1869 t#km- 2#a- 1 for the Chunqiu Gully in Kaixian, and 701 t#km- 2#a- 1 and 710 t#km- 2#a- 1 fo r Wujia and Jiliu g ul lies in Yant ing , respect ively1 The yield in the pond is about 566 t# km- 2#a- 1 fo r the T ianmaw an Gully in Nanchong1 Being small drainage areas, the fo ur study catchments have lit t le valley areas and r elat ively high channel gradients1 T he 137Cs dist ribut ion depths are close to the plough depth of 25 cm in the paddy f ield of the T ianmaw an Gul ly1 As the original valley areas above the dam in the thr ee catchment s in Yanting and Kaixian were predominant ly occupied by ponds, lit t le sediment has accumulated in the upst ream valley of the po nds since the dam const ruct ion in the 1950s1 The small gu-l l ies on slopes abo ve the valleys are steep and the bedrock bot toms of the gullies indicate no sediment accumulat io n o ccurr ing there1 T he sediment delivery ratio should be clo se to 1 fo r the slo pes1 By the abov e analyses of the topo graphic character ist ics and the 137Cs depth dist ribut ion in paddy f ields o f the v al ley s, no sig nif icant sediment accumulat ion occur s in the v al ley areas of the study catchment s1 So it is reasonable to use the specific sediment yields for deposition in ponds to represent the specific sediment y ield and so il erosio n rate of the study catchments ex cluding the Tianmaw an Gul ly in Nanchong w her e the current w ater surface area o f the pond used for est imating the y ield is underest imated1 Clear ly, the annual precipitat ions and the land use condit io ns, especially the cropland rat io s are the important erosion factors of the study catchment s1 On the o ther hand, the landform, soil er odibility, and bedrock bedding co ndit ions are the significant er osion facto rs too1 T he Chunqiu Gully is underlain of the Jurassic Shaximiao Group w ith medium ero sion resistance and high soil erosion rate1 The Wujia and Jiliu gullies in Yant ing are under lain of the Jurassic Peng laizhen Group with hig h proport ion of sandstones so they have high erosion resistance and low soil erosion rate1
学科主题	水土保持学
分类号	TV145
资助信息	国家自然科学基金项目(40271015);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX3-SW330,KZCX3-SW422);973项目(2003CB415202);国际原子能机构CRP项目(12300/RO)
语种	中文
公开日期	2010-08-27
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/1680]
专题	成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前）成都山地灾害与环境研究所_山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室科技与合作处
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	贺秀斌,文安邦,张信宝. 川中丘陵区和三峡地区小流域侵蚀产沙的塘库沉积137Cs断代[J]. 地理研究,2006,25(4):641-648.
APA	贺秀斌,文安邦,&张信宝.(2006).川中丘陵区和三峡地区小流域侵蚀产沙的塘库沉积137Cs断代.地理研究,25(4),641-648.
MLA	贺秀斌,et al."川中丘陵区和三峡地区小流域侵蚀产沙的塘库沉积137Cs断代".地理研究 25.4(2006):641-648.