哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图市2004-03-14灾害性泥石流

CORC > 成都山地灾害与环境研究所 > 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 > 成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前）

	哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图市2004-03-14灾害性泥石流
	陈宁生
刊名	山地学报
	2006
卷号	24 期号:B10 页码:209-216
关键词	哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图泥石流碎屑流滑坡防治
其他题名	Catastrophic Debris Flow Characteristics
通讯作者	魏学利
合作状况	其它
中文摘要	2004—03—14凌晨，哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图市郊外19km的塔尔德布拉克村泥石流造成28人死亡（其中包括9名中国人员）和巨大经济损失。该次泥石流体密度为1．5t／m^3，平均流速Vc为6．75m／s，流量Qc为1221m^3／s。泥石流体中石块少且小，最大块石的尺寸为80×50×40cm^3，整体冲击力δ为9．27Pa。该泥石流形成过程非常复杂，首先降雨诱发滑坡，当滑坡体在落差100多m的滑移过程中，由于巨大的滑移加速度和滑动摩擦力等因素的综合作用，土体粘聚力和内摩擦角降低，饱和土体迅速液化解体，转化为泥石流；非饱和土体碰撞解体形成碎屑流，碎屑流体进入沟谷中，与左侧沟的洪水汇合，碎屑流转化为泥石流，并汇合成更大规模的泥石流。泥石流在运动过程中形成气浪波，并产生弯道超高，两侧高差相差约3m。堆积扇呈舌状，两侧不对称。由于搬运距离短，物源区物质组成与运动区、堆积区的物质组成基本一致；泥石流高速运动使体内部大量气体逸出，在堆积体表面形成很多圆锥体状小丘，最大的小丘尺寸为0．13m^3。
英文摘要	In the early March 14th, 2004, debris flow occurred in the Tardbulake village being 19 kilometers far away from Alamaty, Kazakhstan. Debris flow led 28 people to death（ including 9 Chinese people）, and caused lots of losses of property. The debris flow unit weight is 1.5 t/m^3, The super elevation in bendis used to calculate the velocity, so that the average velocity is6.75 m/s,and the discharge is 1 221m^3/s. Because the boulder is small , and the largest boulder size is 80 × 50 × 40 cm^3, as a result, we only calculated the whole impact force, and the value is 9.27 Pa. The forming process of the debris flow is very complex, initially the landslide is induced by rainfall, when the soil slides along the elevation of about 100 meters, meanwhile, it is effected by the sliding acceleration and friction, so the cohesion and interior friction angle of soil decrease, the saturated soil rapidly liquefies and disjoints, and eventually it is transformed into debris flow. As the collision the unsaturated soil is disjointed and transformed into crumb flow, subsequently crumb flow flows into the gully and converge with the left gully＇s flood, so the crumb flow is transformed into debris flow, and the gully forms larger-scale debris flow. The debris flow has obvious air wave and super elevation in bend. Because of the limitation of landform, the debris flow deposits is not completely symmetrical, and the both sides have an elevation of about 3 meters. As a result of short transportation distance, the physical composition of materials in the sources zone is almost equivalent to that in the tracks and accumulation zones. Within the accumulation fan, the high-speed motion causes lots of air to leak, and the surface forms many conical hillock, the largest size is 0.13 m^2. The paper suggest that the prevention should combine engineering measure with non-engineering measure.
分类号	P642.23
资助信息	国家自然科学基金(40471012)和中国科学院应急科考项目
语种	中文
公开日期	2010-07-19
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/924]
专题	成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前）成都山地灾害与环境研究所_山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	陈宁生. 哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图市2004-03-14灾害性泥石流[J]. 山地学报,2006,24(B10):209-216.
APA	陈宁生.(2006).哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图市2004-03-14灾害性泥石流.山地学报,24(B10),209-216.
MLA	陈宁生."哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图市2004-03-14灾害性泥石流".山地学报 24.B10(2006):209-216.