Recently, many novel two-dimensional materials have been identiffed through data-driven computational methods, whose tribological properties are bound to be further investigated. Here, the ffrst principles calculation and machine learning were combined to predict the maximum sliding potential barrier of elemental twodimensional materials and the importance of different descriptors were discussed. Due to literature reports and high correlation coefffcients, RF and Bagging algorithms are used to present the ffnal prediction results. The prediction results show that R2 is about 0.8, and the root mean square error (RMSE) of ~0.0027 eV and 0.0029 eV, respectively. Importantly, when considering the interfacial charge transfer as the eigenvalue, the R2 of both models increased (R2 can reach 0.89), and the RMSEs decreased to˜0.0020 eV and 0.0024 eV. This indicates that interfacial charge transfer has a signiffcant impact on the prediction of the maximum sliding energy barrier. That is, adjusting the charge transfer at the interface can improve the tribological properties of the interface. In addition, the geometric structure, such as lattice parameter, and mechanical properties of the material are also important factors affecting its maximum sliding energy barrier. Compared with traditional ffrst principles calculation, machine learning based on statistics may be a promising choice for predicting friction performance, and it is expected to ffnd the inffuencing factors directly related to friction behavior.