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The Mass Fractionation of Helium in the Escaping Atmosphere of HD 209458b*
Xing L(邢磊)1,2,3; Yan DD(闫冬冬)1,2,3; Guo JH(郭建恒)1,2,3
刊名ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
2023-08-01
卷号953期号:2
ISSN号0004-637X
DOI10.3847/1538-4357/ace43f
产权排序第1完成单位
文献子类Article
英文摘要

The absorption signals of metastable He in HD 209458b and several other exoplanets can be explained via an escaping atmosphere model with a subsolar He/H ratio. The low abundance of helium can be a result of planet formation if there is a small amount of helium in their primordial atmosphere. However, another possibility is that the low He/H ratio is caused by the process of mass fractionation of helium in the atmosphere. In order to investigate the effect of fractionation in the hydrogen-helium atmosphere, we developed a self-consistent multi-fluid 1D hydrodynamic model based on the well-known open-source MHD code PLUTO. Our simulations show that a lower He/H ratio can be produced spontaneously in the multi-fluid model. We further modeled the transmission spectra of He 10830 lines for HD 209458b in a broad parameter space. The transmission spectrum of the observation can be fitted in the condition of 1.80 times the X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet flux of the quiet Sun. Meanwhile, the ratio of the escaping flux of helium to hydrogen, F (He)/F (H), is 0.039. Our results indicate that the mass fractionation of helium to hydrogen can naturally interpret the low He/H ratio required by the observation. Thus, in the escaping atmosphere of HD 209458b, decreasing the abundance of helium in the atmosphere is not needed even if its He abundance is similar to that of the Sun. The simulation presented in this work hints that in the escaping atmosphere, mass fractionation can also occur on other exoplanets, which needs to be explored further.

学科主题天文学 ; 恒星与银河系 ; 恒星物理学
URL标识查看原文
出版地TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
资助项目Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[XDB 41000000] ; National Key Ramp ; D Program of China[2021YFA1600402] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[12288102] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[2021YFA1600400] ; [11973082]
WOS关键词10 830 ANGSTROM ; LY-ALPHA ; TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM ; 3D HYDRODYNAMICS ; PARTICLE FLUXES ; HE 10830 ; ABSORPTION ; HYDROGEN ; MODEL ; ATOMS
WOS研究方向Astronomy & Astrophysics
语种英语
出版者IOP Publishing Ltd
WOS记录号WOS:001048919400001
资助机构Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[XDB 41000000] ; National Key Ramp ; D Program of China[2021YFA1600402] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[12288102, 2021YFA1600400] ; [11973082]
内容类型期刊论文
版本出版稿
源URL[http://ir.ynao.ac.cn/handle/114a53/26176]  
专题云南天文台_恒星物理研究组
通讯作者Xing L(邢磊)
作者单位1.Key Laboratory for Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, Chinese Academy of Sciences P.0. Box 110 Kunming, 650216, People's Republic of China
2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China;
3.Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences P.0. Box 110 Kunming, 650216, People's Republic of China; xinglei@ynao.ac.cn, yand@ynao.ac.cn, guojh@ynao.ac.cn;
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Xing L,Yan DD,Guo JH. The Mass Fractionation of Helium in the Escaping Atmosphere of HD 209458b*[J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL,2023,953(2).
APA Xing L,Yan DD,&Guo JH.(2023).The Mass Fractionation of Helium in the Escaping Atmosphere of HD 209458b*.ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL,953(2).
MLA Xing L,et al."The Mass Fractionation of Helium in the Escaping Atmosphere of HD 209458b*".ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 953.2(2023).
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