Progress in Functional Research of Amorphous Alloys

doi:10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY20040022

	Progress in Functional Research of Amorphous Alloys
	Tian, Lin 2; Li, Chunyan 1,2; Zhai, Jianshu 2; Lu, Yu 2; Kou, Shengzhong 1,2
刊名	Xiyou Jinshu/Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
	2021-08-01
卷号	45 期号:8 页码:998-1009
关键词	Amorphous alloys Asphalt pavements Atoms Biological water treatment Biomimetics Casting Catalyst activity Cobalt alloys Corrosion resistance Corrosion resistant alloys Crystal atomic structure Crystals Electrodes Electronics industry Fuel cells Functional materials Grain boundaries Hardness Heat conduction Hydrogen storage Hydrogen storage alloys Industrial emissions Industrial research Industrial water treatment Ion beams Magnetism Marine communication Metallic glass Nanocrystalline materials Phase composition Porous materials Satellite antennas Shape-memory alloy Silicon steel Sputtering Strontium alloys Structural properties Sustainable development Temperature Wastewater treatment Wear resistance Amorphous alloy catalyst Co-based amorphous alloys Comprehensive performance Comprehensive properties Development of science and technologies Electronic manufacturing Liquid phase compositions Low temperature performance
ISSN号	02587076
DOI	10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY20040022
英文摘要	Amorphous alloy, also known as metallic glass, was a new type of functional material emerging in the 21st century. Different from crystal alloy, amorphous alloy had a unique internal structure. Its atoms were disordered arranged in three-dimensional space, with long range disorder and short-range order. In addition, amorphous alloys had no fixed melting boiling point and were isotropic, which were distinct from crystal format. In terms of properties, amorphous alloys had good comprehensive properties, such as lower density, higher strength, hardness, resistivity, excellent friction corrosion resistance and magnetism, due to internal defects such as no grain boundary and dislocation, and special atomic structure. Therefore, amorphous alloys had received extensive attention. The early research on amorphous alloys could be divided into two parts: one was the size and shape of amorphous alloys. Second, the basic properties of amorphous alloys (such as strength, hardness, toughness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, etc.) were studied. With the development of science and technology, the study of the amorphous alloy had entered a new stage, in addition to the size of the exterior of the amorphous alloy and the basic performance research, in recent years people began to focus on the research of various performance of amorphous alloy as a functional material, namely a specific function of amorphous alloy after special treatment. This would play a huge role in promoting amorphous alloy to be put into the actual industrial production. The research progress of amorphous alloys in biomedical and industrial emission degradation, biomimetic electronic film, hydrogen storage (i.e. absorption and release of hydrogen), electrodes, solders, catalysts, nanoporous materials, shape memory alloys, soft magnetism and special directions (such as heat conduction, blasting, hydrophobic) were reviewed. It had been found that amorphous alloys had a special atomic structure and higher chemical reactivity than crystals. According to this characteristic, amorphous alloys had been widely used in biological medical treatment and industrial wastewater degradation. Amorphous alloy film, which was made by ion beam sputtering or vapor deposition technology, had high elastic limit, good flexibility and transparency as well as excellent electrical, mechanical, thermal properties, it also had antibacterial function and could be used in various fields. The special atomic structure of hydrogen storage amorphous alloy with long range disorder and short-range order could provide energy barrier and low hole for hydrogen diffusion and occupation, which was conducive to hydrogen absorption and could solve the problem of hydrogen energy reuse. Amorphous alloy brazing filler ingredients had better wetting property, uniform pure materials, good quality and simple craft in contrast to crystal. Due to the effect of solid solution and compound, amorphous alloy had less liquid phase composition and its liquid flow was slow, so the atomic diffusion distance of amorphous alloy was smaller and the joint crack was less than crystal, which made it so easy to quickly into the substrate. Therefore, under the same process parameters, the strength of the amorphous alloy solder joint was higher than that of the crystalline solder. As a catalyst, with continuous development and research, a relatively mature amorphous alloy catalyst system had been established, which could be used as a catalytic electrode in fuel cells. Its catalytic effect was long-term stable, the catalyst composition was more flexible and controllable, and the active sites were rich. In other aspects, porous nanometre-scale materials with special properties prepared from amorphous alloys could be widely used in aerospace and other fields. The amorphous shape memory alloy with good mechanical properties and good low-temperature performance could be made by casting copper molds, which could be used as intelligent seismic isolating materials for buildings or as satellite antennas. Large size amorphous alloys included bulk amorphous alloys and wide band amorphous alloys. Bulk amorphous alloys had excellent properties and low densities, which met the requirements of materials used in spacecraft and could be used as transformer cores, they could save energy and reduce consumption. Wide band amorphous alloys could be used in motor and had a broad application prospect. Some amorphous alloys had good soft magnetic properties. Compared with traditional silicon steel motors, the soft magnetic amorphous alloy motors had less hysteresis loss and higher efficiency. For this characteristic, they could be used in various fields such as transformers, capacitors, motors, aerospace and new energy vehicles. In addition, there were some amorphous alloys with special properties. Amorphous alloy had a large elastic limit (about 2%), which could be used to make high elastic products. At the same time, it was one of the metals with the highest strength found so far (Co based amorphous alloy up to 6.0 GPa) and one of the softest metals (Sr based amorphous alloy down to 300 MPa). It was widely used in electronic manufacturing, intelligent industry, new energy and Internet industries. Because of its good comprehensive performance, low cost and high repeatability, it had great development potential in automobile, ship, aerospace, communication and electronics and other fields. Further research on the functionality of amorphous alloys was conducive to promoting the recycling application of amorphous alloys in related fields, and also conformed to the concept of sustainable development of resource-saving and environment-friendly. © Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Rare Metals. All right reserved.
语种	中文
出版者	Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.lut.edu.cn/handle/2XXMBERH/150727]
专题	材料科学与工程学院
作者单位	1.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-Ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China 2.College of Material Science and Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China;
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Tian, Lin,Li, Chunyan,Zhai, Jianshu,et al. Progress in Functional Research of Amorphous Alloys[J]. Xiyou Jinshu/Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2021,45(8):998-1009.
APA	Tian, Lin,Li, Chunyan,Zhai, Jianshu,Lu, Yu,&Kou, Shengzhong.(2021).Progress in Functional Research of Amorphous Alloys.Xiyou Jinshu/Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,45(8),998-1009.
MLA	Tian, Lin,et al."Progress in Functional Research of Amorphous Alloys".Xiyou Jinshu/Chinese Journal of Rare Metals 45.8(2021):998-1009.