Making Carex monophyletic (Cyperaceae, tribe Cariceae): a new broader circumscription

doi:10.1111/boj.12298

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	Making Carex monophyletic (Cyperaceae, tribe Cariceae): a new broader circumscription
	Waterway, Marcia J.; Bruhl, J. J.; Wilson, K. L.; Ford, B. A.; Starr, J. R.; Jin, X. -F.; Zhang, S. R.; Gebauer, S.; Hoffmann, M. H.; Gehrke, B.
刊名	BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
	2015
卷号	179 期号:1 页码:1-42
关键词	classifications Cymophyllus Cyperoideae generic limits inflorescence morphology Kobresia new combinations nomenclature phylogenetic relationships Schoenoxiphium taxonomic revision Uncinia Vesicarex
ISSN号	0024-4074
DOI	10.1111/boj.12298
文献子类	Review
英文摘要	Carex (Cyperaceae), with an estimated 2000 species, nearly cosmopolitan distribution and broad range of habitats, is one of the largest angiosperm genera and the largest in the temperate zone. In this article, we provide argument and evidence for a broader circumscription of Carex to add all species currently classified in Cymophyllus (monotypic), Kobresia (c. 60 species), Schoenoxiphium (c. 15 species) and Uncinia (c. 70 species) to those currently classified as Carex. Carex and these genera comprise tribe Cariceae (subfamily Cyperoideae, Cyperaceae) and form a well-supported monophyletic group in all molecular phylogenetic studies to date. Carex as defined here in the broad sense currently comprises at least four clades. Three are strongly supported (Siderostictae, core Vignea and core Carex), whereas the caricoid clade, which includes all the segregate genera, receives only weak to moderate support. The caricoid clade is most commonly split into two clades, one including a monophyletic Schoenoxiphium and two small clades of species of Carex s.s., and the other comprising Kobresia, Uncinia and mostly unispicate species of Carex s.s. Morphological variation is high in all but the Vignea clade, making it extremely difficult to define consistent synapomorphies for most clades. However, Carex s.l. as newly circumscribed here is clearly differentiated from the sister groups in tribe Scirpeae by the transition from bisexual flowers with a bristle perianth in the sister group to unisexual flowers without a perianth in Carex. The naked female flowers of Carex s.l. are at least partially enclosed in a flask-shaped prophyll, termed a perigynium. Carex s.s. is not only by far the largest genus in the group, but also the earliest published name. As a result, only 72 new combinations and 58 replacement names are required to treat all of tribe Cariceae as a single genus Carex. We present the required transfers here, with synonymy, and we argue that this broader monophyletic circumscription of Carex reflects the close evolutionary relationships in the group and serves the goal of nomenclatural stability better than other possible treatments.(c) 2015 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 179, 1-42.
学科主题	Plant Sciences
电子版国际标准刊号	1095-8339
出版地	OXFORD
WOS研究方向	Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED)
语种	英语
出版者	OXFORD UNIV PRESS
WOS记录号	WOS:000359361900001
资助机构	John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation ; US National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB 1255901, DEB 1256033] ; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, Canada (NSERC) ; University of Mainz ; JSPS KAKENHI [25840136] ; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CGL2012-38744] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30870178] ; University of Wisconsin-Madison Raper Travel Grant ; Korea National Arboretum ; Division Of Environmental Biology [1255901] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.ibcas.ac.cn/handle/2S10CLM1/25617]
专题	系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室
作者单位	1.[Yano, O. 2.Spalink, D.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA 3.Cochrane, T. S. 4.[Alverson, W. S. 5.Roalson, E. H.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA 6.[Jimenez-Mejias, P. 7.Thomas, W. W.] New York Bot Garden, Bronx, NY 10458 USA 8.[Naczi, R. F. C. 9.[Reznicek, A. A.] Univ Michigan Herbarium, Ann Arbor, MI USA 10.[Rothrock, P. E.] Indiana Univ Herbarium, Bloomington, IN USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Waterway, Marcia J.,Bruhl, J. J.,Wilson, K. L.,et al. Making Carex monophyletic (Cyperaceae, tribe Cariceae): a new broader circumscription[J]. BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY,2015,179(1):1-42.
APA	Waterway, Marcia J..,Bruhl, J. J..,Wilson, K. L..,Ford, B. A..,Starr, J. R..,...&Spalink, D..(2015).Making Carex monophyletic (Cyperaceae, tribe Cariceae): a new broader circumscription.BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY,179(1),1-42.
MLA	Waterway, Marcia J.,et al."Making Carex monophyletic (Cyperaceae, tribe Cariceae): a new broader circumscription".BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY 179.1(2015):1-42.