A Universal Power-law Prescription for Variability from Synthetic Images of Black Hole Accretion Flows | |
Georgiev, Boris2,3,141; Pesce, Dominic W.143,144; Broderick, Avery E.2,3,141; Wong, George N.145,146; Dhruv, Vedant147; Wielgus, Maciek148; Gammie, Charles F.147,149,150; Chan, Chi-kwan6,139,140; Chatterjee, Koushik143,144; Emami, Razieh143 | |
刊名 | ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS |
2022-05-01 | |
卷号 | 930期号:2 |
ISSN号 | 2041-8205 |
DOI | 10.3847/2041-8213/ac65eb |
产权排序 | 第110完成单位 |
文献子类 | Article |
英文摘要 | We present a framework for characterizing the spatiotemporal power spectrum of the variability expected from the horizon-scale emission structure around supermassive black holes, and we apply this framework to a library of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations and associated general relativistic ray-traced images relevant for Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of Sgr A*. We find that the variability power spectrum is generically a red-noise process in both the temporal and spatial dimensions, with the peak in power occurring on the longest timescales and largest spatial scales. When both the time-averaged source structure and the spatially integrated light-curve variability are removed, the residual power spectrum exhibits a universal broken power-law behavior. On small spatial frequencies, the residual power spectrum rises as the square of the spatial frequency and is proportional to the variance in the centroid of emission. Beyond some peak in variability power, the residual power spectrum falls as that of the time-averaged source structure, which is similar across simulations; this behavior can be naturally explained if the variability arises from a multiplicative random field that has a steeper high-frequency power-law index than that of the time-averaged source structure. We briefly explore the ability of power spectral variability studies to constrain physical parameters relevant for the GRMHD simulations, which can be scaled to provide predictions for black holes in a range of systems in the optically thin regime. We present specific expectations for the behavior of the M87* and Sgr A* accretion flows as observed by the EHT. |
学科主题 | 天文学 ; 天体物理学 ; 高能天体物理学 ; 天文学 ; 星系与宇宙学 |
URL标识 | 查看原文 |
出版地 | TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND |
资助项目 | National Science Foundation[OISE-1743747] ; National Science Foundation[AST-1816420] ; National Science Foundation[AST1716536] ; National Science Foundation[AST-1440254] ; National Science Foundation[AST-1935980] ; John Templeton Foundation ; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation ; NASA Hubble Fellowship - Space Telescope Science Institute[HST-HF251431.001-A] ; NASA[NAS5-26555] ; Academy of Finland[274477] ; Academy of Finland[284495] ; Academy of Finland[312496] ; Academy of Finland[315721] ; Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (ANID), Chile[NCN19_058] ; Fondecyt[1221421] ; Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship ; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT, Mexico)[U0004-246083] ; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT, Mexico)[U0004-259839] ; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT, Mexico)[F0003-272050] ; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT, Mexico)[M0037-279006] ; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT, Mexico)[F0003281692] ; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT, Mexico)[104497] ; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT, Mexico)[275201] ; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT, Mexico)[263356] ; Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (DGAPA-UNAM)[IN112417] ; Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (DGAPA-UNAM)[IN112820] ; European Research Council Synergy Grant BlackHoleCam: Imaging the Event Horizon of Black Holes[610058] ; Generalitat Valenciana[APOSTD/2018/177] ; GenT Program[CIDEGENT/2018/021] ; MICINN[PID2019-108995GB-C22] ; European Research Council[884631] ; Dutch National Supercomputers, Cartesius and Snellius (NWO)[2021.013] ; DFG[FR 4069/2-1] ; Simons Foundation ; Japanese Government (Monbukagakusho: MEXT) Scholarship ; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)[JP17J08829] ; Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)[QYZDJ-SSW-SLH057] ; Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)[QYZDJ-SSWSYS008] ; Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)[ZDBS-LY-SLH011] ; Leverhulme Trust ; MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI[18KK0090] ; MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI[JP21H01137] ; MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI[JP18H03721] ; MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI[JP18K13594] ; MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI[18K03709] ; MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI[JP19K14761] ; MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI[18H01245] ; MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI[25120007] ; Malaysian Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS)[FRGS/1/2019/STG02/UM/02/6] ; MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives (MISTI) Funds ; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[103-2119-M-001010-MY2] ; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[105-2112-M-001-025-MY3] ; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[105-2119-M-001-042] ; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[106-2112-M-001-011] ; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[106-2119-M-001-013] ; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[106-2119-M-001027] ; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[106-2923-M-001-005] ; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[107-2119-M-001-017] ; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[107-2119-M001-020] ; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[107-2119-M-001-041] ; The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[107-2119-M-110-005] ; The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[107-2923M-001-009] ; The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[108-2112-M-001-048] ; The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[108-2112-M-001-051] ; The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[1082923-M-001-002] ; The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[109-2112-M-001-025] ; The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[109-2124-M-001-005] ; The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[109-2923-M-001-001] ; The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[110-2112-M-003-007-MY2] ; The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[110-2112-M001-033] ; The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[110-2124-M-001-007] ; The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[110-2923-M-001-001] ; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, Fermi Guest Investigator grant)[80NSSC20K1567] ; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA Astrophysics Theory Program)[80NSSC20K0527] ; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA NuSTAR award)[80NSSC20K0645] ; National Key Research and Development Program of China[2016YFA0400704] ; National Key Research and Development Program of China[2017YFA0402703] ; National Key Research and Development Program of China[2016YFA0400702] ; National Key Research and Development Program of China[2017YFA0402700] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-0096454] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST0352953] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-0521233] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-0705062] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-0905844] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST0922984] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-1126433] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-1140030] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[DGE-1144085] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST1207704] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-1207730] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-1207752] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[MRI-1228509] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[OPP1248097] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-1310896] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-1555365] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-1614868] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST1615796] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-1715061] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-1716327] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-2034306] ; Natural Science Foundation of China[11650110427] ; Natural Science Foundation of China[10625314] ; Natural Science Foundation of China[11721303] ; Natural Science Foundation of China[11725312] ; Natural Science Foundation of China[11873028] ; Natural Science Foundation of China[11933007] ; Natural Science Foundation of China[11991052] ; Natural Science Foundation of China[11991053] ; Natural Science Foundation of China[12192220] ; Natural Science Foundation of China[12192223] ; NWO[OCENW.KLEIN.113] ; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation[2020M671266] ; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) ; National Research Foundation of Korea[NRF-2015H1A2A1033752] ; National Research Foundation of Korea[NRF-2015H1D3A1066561] ; National Research Foundation of Korea[2019R1F1A1059721] ; National Research Foundation of Korea[2022R1C1C1005255] ; Dutch Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) VICI award[639.043.513] ; Spinoza Prize[SPI 78-409] ; YCAA Prize Postdoctoral Fellowship ; NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship[AST-1903847] ; MEXT[JPMXP1020200109] ; JICFuS ; South African Research Chairs Initiative, through the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory (SARAO)[77948] ; Swedish Research Council[2017-00648] ; Government of Canada through the Department of Innovation, Science and Economic Development ; Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science ; Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion[PGC2018-098915-B-C21] ; Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion[AYA2016-80889-P] ; Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion[PID2019-108995GB-C21] ; Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion[PID2020117404GB-C21] ; University of Pretoria ; State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa award[SEV-2017-0709] ; Consejeria de Economia, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad of the Junta de Andalucia[P18-FR-1769] ; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas[2019AEP112] ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme[101018682] ; National Nuclear Security Administration of the USDOE[89233218CNA000001] ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program[730562 RadioNet] ; Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai Branch[JCYJ-SHFY2021-013] ; ALMA North America Development Fund ; Chandra[DD7-18089X] ; Chandra[TM6-17006X] ; GenT Program (Generalitat Valenciana) Project[CIDEGENT/2018/021] ; NSF[ACI-1548562] ; NSF[DBI-0735191] ; NSF[DBI-1265383] ; NSF[DBI-1743442] ; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy[DE-AC05-00OR22725] ; NASA Hubble Fellowship grant - Space Telescope Science Institute[HST-HF2-51431.001-A] ; Virtual Institute of Accretion (VIA) postdoctoral fellowships from the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA) ; Smithsonian Institution ; Academia Sinica ; Science and Technologies Facility Council (UK) ; Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education[2022R1C1C1005255] ; Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education[NRF-2021R1A6A3A01086420] ; Special Fund for Astronomy from the Ministry of Finance in China ; Brain Pool Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science and ICT[019H1D3A1A01102564] ; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science ; CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France) ; MPG (Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Germany) ; IGN (Instituto Geografico Nacional, Spain) ; State of Arizona ; NSF ; Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago ; NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant - Space Telescope Science Institute[HST-HF2-51494.001] ; EACOA Fellowship - East Asia Core Observatories Association |
WOS关键词 | SAGITTARIUS A-ASTERISK ; MAGNETICALLY ARRESTED ACCRETION ; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS ; GRMHD SIMULATIONS ; GALACTIC-CENTER ; M87 ; MILLIMETER ; SHADOW ; SCHEME ; JET |
WOS研究方向 | Astronomy & Astrophysics |
语种 | 英语 |
出版者 | IOP Publishing Ltd |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000794025400001 |
资助机构 | National Science Foundation[OISE-1743747, AST-1816420, AST1716536, AST-1440254, AST-1935980] ; John Templeton Foundation ; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation ; NASA Hubble Fellowship - Space Telescope Science Institute[HST-HF251431.001-A] ; NASA[NAS5-26555] ; Academy of Finland[274477, 284495, 312496, 315721] ; Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (ANID), Chile[NCN19_058] ; Fondecyt[1221421] ; Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship ; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT, Mexico)[U0004-246083, U0004-259839, F0003-272050, M0037-279006, F0003281692, 104497, 275201, 263356] ; Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (DGAPA-UNAM)[IN112417, IN112820] ; European Research Council Synergy Grant BlackHoleCam: Imaging the Event Horizon of Black Holes[610058] ; Generalitat Valenciana[APOSTD/2018/177] ; GenT Program[CIDEGENT/2018/021] ; MICINN[PID2019-108995GB-C22] ; European Research Council[884631] ; Dutch National Supercomputers, Cartesius and Snellius (NWO)[2021.013] ; DFG[FR 4069/2-1] ; Simons Foundation ; Japanese Government (Monbukagakusho: MEXT) Scholarship ; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)[JP17J08829] ; Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)[QYZDJ-SSW-SLH057, QYZDJ-SSWSYS008, ZDBS-LY-SLH011] ; Leverhulme Trust ; MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI[18KK0090, JP21H01137, JP18H03721, JP18K13594, 18K03709, JP19K14761, 18H01245, 25120007] ; Malaysian Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS)[FRGS/1/2019/STG02/UM/02/6] ; MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives (MISTI) Funds ; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[103-2119-M-001010-MY2, 105-2112-M-001-025-MY3, 105-2119-M-001-042, 106-2112-M-001-011, 106-2119-M-001-013, 106-2119-M-001027, 106-2923-M-001-005, 107-2119-M-001-017, 107-2119-M001-020, 107-2119-M-001-041] ; The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan[107-2119-M-110-005, 107-2923M-001-009, 108-2112-M-001-048, 108-2112-M-001-051, 1082923-M-001-002, 109-2112-M-001-025, 109-2124-M-001-005, 109-2923-M-001-001, 110-2112-M-003-007-MY2, 110-2112-M001-033, 110-2124-M-001-007, 110-2923-M-001-001] ; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, Fermi Guest Investigator grant)[80NSSC20K1567] ; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA Astrophysics Theory Program)[80NSSC20K0527] ; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA NuSTAR award)[80NSSC20K0645] ; National Key Research and Development Program of China[2016YFA0400704, 2017YFA0402703, 2016YFA0400702, 2017YFA0402700] ; National Science Foundation (NSF)[AST-0096454, AST0352953, AST-0521233, AST-0705062, AST-0905844, AST0922984, AST-1126433, AST-1140030, DGE-1144085, AST1207704, AST-1207730, AST-1207752, MRI-1228509, OPP1248097, AST-1310896, AST-1555365, AST-1614868, AST1615796, AST-1715061, AST-1716327, AST-2034306] ; Natural Science Foundation of China[11650110427, 10625314, 11721303, 11725312, 11873028, 11933007, 11991052, 11991053, 12192220, 12192223] ; NWO[OCENW.KLEIN.113] ; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation[2020M671266] ; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) ; National Research Foundation of Korea[NRF-2015H1A2A1033752, NRF-2015H1D3A1066561, 2019R1F1A1059721, 2022R1C1C1005255] ; Dutch Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) VICI award[639.043.513] ; Spinoza Prize[SPI 78-409] ; YCAA Prize Postdoctoral Fellowship ; NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship[AST-1903847] ; MEXT[JPMXP1020200109] ; JICFuS ; South African Research Chairs Initiative, through the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory (SARAO)[77948] ; Swedish Research Council[2017-00648] ; Government of Canada through the Department of Innovation, Science and Economic Development ; Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science ; Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion[PGC2018-098915-B-C21, AYA2016-80889-P, PID2019-108995GB-C21, PID2020117404GB-C21] ; University of Pretoria ; State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa award[SEV-2017-0709] ; Consejeria de Economia, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad of the Junta de Andalucia[P18-FR-1769] ; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas[2019AEP112] ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme[101018682] ; National Nuclear Security Administration of the USDOE[89233218CNA000001] ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program[730562 RadioNet] ; Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai Branch[JCYJ-SHFY2021-013] ; ALMA North America Development Fund ; Chandra[DD7-18089X, TM6-17006X] ; GenT Program (Generalitat Valenciana) Project[CIDEGENT/2018/021] ; NSF[ACI-1548562, DBI-0735191, DBI-1265383, DBI-1743442] ; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy[DE-AC05-00OR22725] ; NASA Hubble Fellowship grant - Space Telescope Science Institute[HST-HF2-51431.001-A] ; Virtual Institute of Accretion (VIA) postdoctoral fellowships from the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA) ; Smithsonian Institution ; Academia Sinica ; Science and Technologies Facility Council (UK) ; Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education[2022R1C1C1005255, NRF-2021R1A6A3A01086420] ; Special Fund for Astronomy from the Ministry of Finance in China ; Brain Pool Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science and ICT[019H1D3A1A01102564] ; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science ; CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France) ; MPG (Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Germany) ; IGN (Instituto Geografico Nacional, Spain) ; State of Arizona ; NSF ; Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago ; NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant - Space Telescope Science Institute[HST-HF2-51494.001] ; EACOA Fellowship - East Asia Core Observatories Association |
内容类型 | 期刊论文 |
版本 | 出版稿 |
源URL | [http://ir.ynao.ac.cn/handle/114a53/25159] |
专题 | 云南天文台_中国科学院天体结构与演化重点实验室 |
通讯作者 | Georgiev, Boris |
作者单位 | 1.Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 2.Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; 3.Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; 4.University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; 5.Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; 6.Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; 7.Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; 8.Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; 9.The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo, 190-8562, Japan; 10.Department of Statistical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8562, Japan; |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Georgiev, Boris,Pesce, Dominic W.,Broderick, Avery E.,et al. A Universal Power-law Prescription for Variability from Synthetic Images of Black Hole Accretion Flows[J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS,2022,930(2). |
APA | Georgiev, Boris.,Pesce, Dominic W..,Broderick, Avery E..,Wong, George N..,Dhruv, Vedant.,...&Zhao, Shan-Shan.(2022).A Universal Power-law Prescription for Variability from Synthetic Images of Black Hole Accretion Flows.ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS,930(2). |
MLA | Georgiev, Boris,et al."A Universal Power-law Prescription for Variability from Synthetic Images of Black Hole Accretion Flows".ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS 930.2(2022). |
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