| 题名 | 运动游戏和单车训练对老年高血压患者认知功能的影响 |
| 作者 | 董国庆 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-07 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈毅文 |
| 关键词 | 产品组合 库存单位 选择超载效应 感知多样性 消费者满意度 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士（同等学力硕士） |
| 其他题名 | The Influences of the Number of Alternatives and Attributes about Assortment on Consumer Satisfaction |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理学 |
| 中文摘要 | This paper explored the influence mechanism of assortment-size (the number of alternatives and attributes) on choice satisfaction, demonstrated that the competition of the parallel mediating effects between choice-overload-feelings and perceived-variety was one of the reasons for the instability of the choice overload effect, and expounded the way to improve consumer choice satisfaction by manipulating assortment-size.Methods: A total of 613 subjects participated in three experiments of product assortment consumption by using the between-subjects designs. Either the number of alternatives or the number of attributes could have an impact on choice satisfaction; therefore, control-group-invariance-method was used to control irrelevant variable in design stage. In Study 1, assortment-size was manipulated by changing the number of alternatives, and two experimental conditions were set—condition of assortment A (11 attributes, 6 alternatives), and condition of assortment B (11 attributes, 24 alternatives); In Study 2, assortment-size was manipulated in a way to change the number of attributes, and two experimental conditions were set—condition of assortment A (4 attributes, 24 alternatives), and condition of assortment B (12 attributes, 24 alternatives); On the basis of Study 1 and Study 2, I further enlarged the number of alternatives and number of attributes in Study 3, the number of alternatives in the two groups was designed with 48 and 12 respectively while keeping the number of attributes constant but increasing to 13,in a bid to enhance the depth and breadth of the assortment and form two experimental conditions—condition of assortment A (13 attributes, 12 alternatives), and condition of assortment B (12 attributes, 48 alternatives).Results as follows: (1) Assortment-size (the number of alternatives and the number of attributes) significantly positively predicted choice-overload-feelings. On the one hand, the number of alternatives increased to the extent that it significantly positively influenced consumers' choice-overload-feelings; On the other hand, the number of attributes increased to the extent that it significantly positively influenced consumers' choice-overload-feelings; both of the above scenarios significantly aggravated consumers' choice-overload-feelings. (2) Assortment-size (the number of alternatives and the number of attributes) significantly positively predicted perceived-variety. On the one hand, the number of alternatives increased to the extent that it significantly positively influenced consumers' perceived-variety; On the other hand, the number of attributes increased to the extent that it significantly positively influenced consumers' perceived-variety; both of the above scenarios significantly elevated consumers' perceived-variety. (3) Choice-overload- feelings significantly negatively predicted choice satisfaction; Perceived-variety significantly positively predicted choice satisfaction.(4) The direct effect of assortment-size on choice satisfaction was not significant.(5) Choice-overload- feelings was a mediator transmitting the negative impact of the assortment-size (the number of alternatives and the number of attributes) on choice satisfaction.(6) Perceived-variety positively mediated the effect of the assortment-size (the number of alternatives and the number of attributes) on choice satisfaction.Conclusions: (1) Choice satisfaction is contingent on perceived choice cost factors and choice benefit factors. On one hand, choice-overload-feelings pertains to choice cost factor; In scenario with assortment-size (the number of alternatives or attributes) increasing to a certain extent, choice-overload-feelings is aggravated significantly, and choice satisfaction decreases significantly; On the other hand, perceived-variety serves as a choice beneficial factor; With assortment-size (the number of alternatives or attributes) increasing to a certain extent, perceived-variety increases significantly, and choice satisfaction improved significantly.(2) In the absence of direct effect, the competition of the parallel mediating effects between choice-overload-feelings and perceived-variety is one of the reasons for the instability of the choice overload effect. Firstly, if the two mediating effects differ in sign but are of similar magnitude, their sum very well may be zero or nearly so, such that total mediating effect is not statistically significant, consequently, the independent variable has no significant influence on the dependent variable, in this Study, namely assortment-size has no significant influence on choice satisfaction. Secondly, if the positive mediating effect is significant, the negative mediating effect is not; or the positive mediating effect significantly exceeds the negative mediating effect; thus, the total mediating effect is positive and statistically significant, consequently, the independent variable has significant positive influence on the dependent variable, in this Study, namely assortment-size has significant positive influence on choice satisfaction. Finally, if the negative mediating effect is significant, the positive mediating effect is not; or the negative mediating effect significantly exceeds the positive mediating effect; thus, the total mediating effect is negative and statistically significant, consequently the independent variable has significant negative impact on the dependent variable, namely assortment-size has significant negative influence on choice satisfaction, whereby choice overload effect occurs.(3) One way optimizing assortment-size to improve the choice satisfaction of consumer is to either make perceived-variety effect significant, and choice-overload-feelings effect non-significant; or make the effect of perceived-variety significantly exceed the effect of choice-overload-feelings, such that the total indirect effect is significant. |
| 英文摘要 | 本文探究了产品组合大小(选项数量和属性数量）对选择满意度的影响机制，论证了选择超载感觉和感知多样性之间的并行中介效应的竞争是造成选择超载效应不稳定的原因之一，阐明了控制产品组合大小提升消费者选择满意度的途径。方法:采用单因素被试间设计，共有613名被试参加了三项产品组合消费的研究。由于产品组合的选项数量和属性数量都有可能对选择满意度产生影响，设计阶段采用对照组恒定法控制无关变量。研究一操纵产品组合的选项数量，设定两种实验条件——产品组合A（11种属性、6个选项）条件，产品组合B（11种属性、24个选项）条件；研究二操纵产品组合的属性数量，设定两种实验条件——产品组合A（4种属性、24个选项）条件，产品组合B（12种属性、24个选项）条件；在前两项研究的基础上，研究三进一步扩大产品组合的选项数量和属性数量，两组的选项数量分别设计成48项和12项，两组的属性完全相同且数量均提高至13种，以增强产品组合的深度和宽度，形成两组实验条件——产品组合A（13种属性、12个选项）条件，产品组合B（13种属性、48个选项）条件。结果：（1）产品组合大小(选项数量和属性数量)显著正向预测选择超载感觉。一方面，选项数量增加到一定程度会显著正向影响消费者的选择超载感觉；另一方面，属性数量增加到一定程度会显著正向影响消费者的选择超载感觉；上述两种情境都显著加重了消费者的选择超载感觉。（2）产品组合大小(选项数量和属性数量)显著正向预测感知多样性。一方面，选项数量增加到一定程度会显著正向影响消费者的感知多样性水平；另一方面，属性数量增加到一定程度会显著正向影响消费者的感知多样性水平；这两种情况都显著提升了消费者的感知多样性。（3）选择超载感觉显著负向预测选择满意度；感知多样性显著正向预测选择满意度。（4）产品组合大小对选择满意度无直接效应。（5）选择超载感觉在产品组合大小（选项数量和属性数量）和选择满意度之间存在负向的中介效应。（6）感知多样性在产品组合大小（选项数量和属性数量）和选择满意度之间存在正向的中介效应。结论:（1）产品组合大小对选择满意度的影响受到个体感知到的选择代价因素和选择收益因素制约，一方面，选择超载感觉是感知到的选择代价因素，随着产品组合大小（选项数量和属性数量）增大到一定程度，选择超载感觉显著加重，这使选择满意度出现显著降低；另一方面，感知多样性是感知到的选择收益因素，随着产品组合大小（选项数量和属性数量）增大到一定程度，感知多样性水平显著增加，这使选择满意度提升显著。（2）无直接效应的情况下，并行中介效应的竞争是造成选择超载效应不稳定的原因之一。首先，若两种中介效应具有相近量级但符号不同，效应值求和抵消后造成总的中介效应不显著，则自变量对因变量的影响不显著，本研究中即产品组合大小对选择满意度的影响不显著。其次，若正向的中介效应显著，负向的中介效应不显著；或者正向的中介效应显著超过负向的中介效应；从而使总中介效应显著且正向，则自变量显著正向地影响因变量，本研究中即产品组合大小显著正向地影响选择满意度。最后，若负向的中介效应显著，正向的中介效应不显著；或者负向的中介效应显著超过正向的中介效应；从而使总中介效应显著且负向，则自变量显著负向地影响因变量，即产品组合大小显著负向地影响选择满意度，从而导致选择超载效应发生。（3）优化产品组合大小提升消费者选择满意度的一个途径是使感知多样性效应显著而选择超载感觉效应不显著，从而使总中介效应显著；或者使感知多样性效应显著超过选择超载感觉效应，从而使总中介效应显著。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41679]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 董国庆. 运动游戏和单车训练对老年高血压患者认知功能的影响[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2021. |
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