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题名	父母期望与大学生成就动机的关系：中介效应和调节效应
作者	李淑华
答辩日期	2020-07
文献子类	硕士
授予单位	中国科学院心理研究所
授予地点	中国科学院心理研究所
其他责任者	韩布新
关键词	成就动机 父母期望 自我管理 出生顺序 大学生
学位名称	理学硕士（同等学力硕士）
其他题名	The relationship between parental expectation and college students' achievement motivation: mediating effect and moderating effect
学位专业	健康心理学
中文摘要	Based on The Ecological Systems Theory and Self-Determination Theory, this study examines the direct or indirect effects of parental expectation on achievement motivation of college students, examines the mediating role of self-management between parental expectations and college students' achievement motivation, and verifies the moderating role of birth order between them. A survey of 1, 436 college students in a university in Guangxi was conducted using the Parent Expectation Questionnaire, Self-Management Questionnaire, and Achievement Motivation Scale. Data were analyzed using AMOS22.0 and SPSS23.0. The results are as follows.1. College students feel higher parental expectations. Parents have the highest personal maturity expectations for their children, followed by academic achievement expectations, and the lowest dating concerns expectations. College students' self-management is at the upper-middle level; cognitive management is the highest, emotional management is second, and time management and behavior management are the lowest. The overall level of achievement motivation of college students is average, mainly manifested in the tendency to pursuing success.2. Parental expectation and its dimensions of personality maturity and academic achievement are significantly different in birth order. Parents have the highest expectations of personal maturity for their first-born, and the highest expectations of academic achievement for their middle children. The middle children and first-born children feel the strongest parental expectations.3. There are significant differences in the level of achievement motivation among different genders, grades, parenting style, family monthly incomes and cultivation levels. The achievement motivation level of girls was significantly lower than that of boys. The freshmen have the highest level of achievement motivation, while the seniors have a stronger tendency to avoiding failure. The achievement motivation of college students with democratic parenting style is the highest, and that of college students with doting parenting style is the lowest. College students with high family income have higher achievement motivation. The achievement motivation level of the students promoted from secondary vocational school is significantly higher than that of the undergraduates. 4. There was a significant positive correlation between parents' expectation of personality maturity and achievement motivation. which can positively predict achievement motivation; The parental expectation in dating concerns is negatively correlated with achievement motivation, which can negatively predict achievement motivation. Parents' expectations of their children's academic achievement and dating concerns are negatively correlated with college students' emotional management, while parents' expectations and their various dimensions are positively correlated with college students' behavioral management, cognitive management and time management. Self-management and all dimensions are positively correlated with the pursuing success and achievement motivation, and negatively correlated with avoiding failure. Behavioral management, emotional management and cognitive management can positively predict achievement motivation.5. Parental expectation can directly predict college students' achievement motivation: Self-management plays a partial mediating role between parents' expectation and achievement motivation, and cognitive management has a stronger mediating effect.6. Birth order plays a moderating role between parental expectations and college students' achievement motivation. Parental expectations have significant differences in the impact of different birth orders on achievement motivation.Achievement motivation of middle children are most susceptible to parental expectations.Research conclusions: Internalization of parental expectation is a key mechanism that affects achievement motivation; Self-management is the most direct factor affecting achievement motivation. Good self-management can help college students weaken and suppress the negative effects of irrational parental expectations. Birth order plays an important role in individual development. Parents' expectations have different effects on the achievement motivation of college students with different birth orders.
英文摘要	本研究基于生态系统理论和自我决定理论考察父母期望对大学生成就动机的直接或间接影响，检验自我管理在父母期望和大学生成就动机间的中介作用，验证出生顺序在两者间的调节作用。采用父母期望问卷、大学生自我管理问卷、成就动机量表调查广西某高校1436名在校大学生。运用AMOS22.0和SPSS23.0分析数据。结果如下。1.大学生感受到较高父母期望。父母对子女人格成熟期望最高，学业成就期望次之，对恋爱交往期望最低。大学生自我管理能力处于中等偏上水平；认知管理能力最高，情绪管理次之，时间管理和行为管理能力最低。大学生成就动机总体水平一般，主要表现为追求成功倾向。2.父母期望及其人格成熟、学业成就维度有显著出生顺序差异。父母对长子女的人格成熟期望最高，对中间子女的学业成就期望最高，中间子女和长子女感受到父母期望最强。 3.不同性别、年级、教养方式、培养层次和家庭月收入的大学生成就动机水平差异显著。女生成就动机水平显著低于男生。大四学生避免失败倾向更强，大一学生成就动机水平最高。溺爱型教养的大学生成就动机最低，民主型教养的大学生成就动机最高。中职升本生成就动机水平显著高于本科生。家庭月收入高的大学生成就动机水平更高。4.父母期望的人格成熟维度与成就动机显著正相关，可正向预测成就动机；恋爱交往维度与成就动机显著负相关，可负向预测成就动机。父母对子女的学业成就、恋爱交往期望与大学生情绪管理显著负相关，父母期望及其各维度与大学生时间管理、认知管理、行为管理显著正相关。自我管理及其各维度与追求成功、成就动机显著正相关，与避免失败显著负相关。行为管理、情绪管理、认知管理维度可以显著正向预测成就动机。5.父母期望对大学生成就动机的直接预测作用显著；自我管理部分中介父母期望和成就动机的关系，认知管理维度的中介作用更强。6.出生顺序在父母期望与大学生成就动机的关系中起到调节作用，父母期望各维度对不同出生顺序大学生成就动机的影响表现出明显差异，中间子女成就动机最易受父母期望的影响。 研究结论：父母期望内化是影响成就动机的关键机制；自我管理是影响成就动机的最直接因素，良好自我管理能帮助大学生削弱和抑制不合理父母期望的消极影响。出生顺序在个体发展过程中具有重要作用，父母期望对不同出生顺序大学生的成就动机影响不同。
语种	中文
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41690]
专题	心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李淑华. 父母期望与大学生成就动机的关系：中介效应和调节效应[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2020.

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