| 题名 | 老年人认知重评与心理健康的关系： 社区因素的调节作用 |
| 作者 | 柯继红 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-01 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 周明洁 |
| 关键词 | 老年人 认知重评 心理健康 社区因素 调节作用 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士（同等学力硕士） |
| 其他题名 | The relationship between cognitive reappraisal and mental health in the elderly: the moderating role of community factors |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 中文摘要 | With the continuous development of economy and medical technology, the continuous improvement of human living standards, the birth rate continues to decline, but the life expectancy of the population continues to improve. The aging population accounts for a large proportion of the total population. China has officially entered the aging society. With the increase of age, the decline of physical function and some senile diseases lead to the decline of physical health. At the same time, some uncontrollable negative factors will lead to the generation of mental health problems of the elderly, such as anxiety, stress, depression, etc. Mental health is a comprehensive concept, including two dimensions: positive and negative. In the daily state, we should pay attention to how to promote the happiness and life satisfaction of the elderly from a positive point of view; in the state of emergency (such as this new epidemic), we need to pay attention to how to avoid mental health damage of the elderly from a negative perspective. As the place where the elderly have the most daily activities, all its measures have a great impact on the elderly. In order to help the elderly improve their mental health and improve their quality of life in their later years, this paper will explore the relationship between the emotional regulation of the elderly, namely cognitive reappraisal strategy and their mental health, and further explore the regulatory role of the community. To provide new evidence for the influence of community factors on the mental health of the elderly and provide theoretical basis for promoting active aging.This research contains two studies.In Study 1 we examined the impact of cognitive reappraisal, community cohesion, community satisfaction and their interaction on life satisfaction among daily life of Chinese elderly, so as to improve the quality of life of the elderly in our country in their twilight years.In Study 2 we examined the impact of cognitive reappraisal,community resilience,and trust in local government and their interaction on the mental health (anxiety, depression,stress) of the elderly in the state of emergency.In Study 1，A total of 180 older adults from 17 communities in Chengdu completed self-report measurements of cognitive reappraisal, community cohesion, community satisfaction, and life satisfaction. The results showed that the association between cognitive reappraisal and life satisfaction was moderated by community cohesion (β = -0.41, p < 0.001). Specifically, community cohesion weakened the effect of cognitive reappraisal on life satisfaction. A three-way interaction between cognitive reappraisal, community cohesion, and community satisfaction emerged to predict life satisfaction (β = -0.25, p < 0.01). Specifically, the effect of cognitive reappraisal on life satisfaction under the condition of low community cohesion–high community satisfaction was stronger than it was under other conditions. These results indicated that the effects of cognitive reappraisal and community cohesion on life satisfaction among older adults in community were not independent but interactive, and community satisfaction enhanced the impact of this interaction on life satisfaction. This study suggested that targeted interventions should be designed in combination with cognitive reappraisal, community cohesion and community satisfaction to improve the life satisfaction of older adults in community, and thus promote successful aging.In Study 2,A total of 272 older adults from 12 communities in Chengdu and other district completed self-report measurements of cognitive reappraisal, community resilience,and grassroots government trust and mental health. The results showed that the association between cognitive reappraisal and mental health was moderated by community resilience. Specifically, community resilience weakened the effect of cognitive reappraisal on mental health. A three-way interaction between cognitive reappraisal, community resilience, and grassroots government trust emerged to predict mental health . Specifically, the effect of cognitive reappraisal on mental health under the condition of low community resilience–high grassroots government trust was weaker than it was under other conditions. These results indicated that the effects of cognitive reappraisal and community resilience on mental health among older adults in community were not independent but interactive, and grassroots government trust weakened the impact of this interaction on mental health. This study suggested that targeted interventions should be designed in combination with cognitive reappraisal, community resilience and grassroots government trust to improve the mental health of older adults in community.To sum up, cognitive reappraisal and community factors are important protective factors for mental health of the elderly. It is suggested to improve the utilization rate of community services for the elderly while promoting and developing cognitive reappraisal of the elderly, so as to promote the mental health level of the elderly and make contributions to the active aging. |
| 英文摘要 | 随着经济和医疗技术的不断发展,人类生活水平的不断提升,出生率持续下降,人口的预期寿命却不断提高,老龄人口数占了总人口数很大比例,中国已经正式进入了老龄化社会。随着年龄的增加，老年人各种生理功能减退和一些老年性疾病导致躯体健康下降，同时还会因为一些无法控制的消极因素导致老年人心理健康问题的产生，如焦虑、压力、抑郁等。心理健康是一个全方面的概念，包含积极和消极两个维度，在日常状态下，从积极角度关注如何促进老年人的幸福感、提高生活满意度；在突发事件（COVID-19疫情）状态下，则需要从消极角度去关注如何避免老年人心理健康受到损害。社区作为老年人日常活动最多的场所，它的一切举措对老人的影响是相当大的。为了帮助老年人提高其心理健康，提升其晚年生活质量，本文将探究老年人的情绪调节即认知重评策略与其心理健康的关系，并进一步探讨社区的调节作用。为社区因素对老年人心理健康的影响提供新的证据，为促进积极老龄化提供理论依据。本研究包含两项研究，研究一是在日常生活状态下，老年人的认知重评、社区凝聚力及社区满意度三方面以及它们之间的交互作用，探究其对老年人生活满意度的影响，以提升老年人的晚年生活质量。研究二探究的是在突发事件/疫情（COVID-19）状态下，老年人的认知重评、社区韧性及基层政府信任三方面以及它们之间的交互作用，对老年人心理健康（焦虑、抑郁、压力）的影响。研究一选取来自四川省成都市（17个社区）的180位老年人完成问卷，其中男79人，女101人，年龄60-94岁，平均年龄73.5岁，测量工具包括认知重评量表、社区凝聚力量表、社区满意度量表和生活满意度量表等。经过研究，结果表明认知重评和社区凝聚力对生活满意度共同发挥作用，认知重评与社区凝聚力的交互项能显著预测生活满意度（β = -0.41, p < 0.001)，具体而言，社区凝聚力会削弱认知重评对生活满意度的作用。社区满意度在认知重评和社区凝聚力的交互作用对生活满意度产生的影响中发挥着调节作用，具体而言，社区满意度越高，社区凝聚力调节认知重评和生活满意度关系的作用越强。认知重评、社区凝聚力和社区满意度的三阶交互作用对生活满意度的作用显著（β = -0.25, p < 0.01）。由以上结果得出结论：老年人的认知重评和社区凝聚力对生活满意度的影响不是独立的，而是交互的，而且社区满意度会增强在这一交互作用对生活满意度产生的影响。我们将结合认知重评、社区凝聚力和社区满意度设计有针对性的干预措施，提升老年人的生活满意度，促进积极老龄化。研究二选取来自四川省成都市（12个社区），还有其他地区的部分老人，共272位完成问卷，其中男139人，女133人，年龄60-96岁，平均年龄70.63岁，测量工具包括认知重评量表、 抑郁-焦虑-压力量表、 社区韧性评分量表、 基层政府信任评分量表等。经过研究，结果表明认知重评和社区韧性对心理健康（抑郁、焦虑、压力）共同发挥作用，认知重评与社区韧性的交互项能显著预测心理健康水平，具体而言，社区韧性会削弱认知重评对心理健康（抑郁、焦虑、压力）的作用。基层政府信任在认知重评和社区韧性的交互作用对心理健康（抑郁、焦虑、压力）产生的影响中发挥着调节作用，具体而言，基层政府信任越高，社区韧性调节认知重评和心理健康（抑郁、焦虑、压力）的作用越弱。认知重评、社区韧性和基层政府信任的三阶交互作用对心理健康（抑郁、焦虑、压力）的作用显著。由以上结果得出结论：老年人的认知重评和社区韧性对心理健康（抑郁、焦虑、压力）的影响不是独立的，而是交互的，而且基层政府信任会减弱在这一交互作用对心理健康（抑郁、焦虑、压力）产生的影响。我们将结合认知重评、社区韧性和基层政府信任设计有针对性的干预措施，提升社区老年人的心理健康水平。 综上，认知重评和社区因素都是老年人心理健康的重要保护因素，建议在促进与开发老年人认知重评的同时，提高老年人社区服务的利用率，为促进老年人心理健康水平，为积极老龄化做出贡献。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41638]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 柯继红. 老年人认知重评与心理健康的关系： 社区因素的调节作用[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2021. |
| 个性服务 |
| 查看访问统计 |
| 相关权益政策 |
| 暂无数据 |
| 收藏/分享 |
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。
修改评论