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题名	父母教养行为和意志控制对青少年特质焦虑的影响
作者	貊可
答辩日期	2021-01
文献子类	硕士
授予单位	中国科学院心理研究所
授予地点	中国科学院心理研究所
其他责任者	陈祉妍
关键词	青少年 特质焦虑 父母教养方式 意志控制 中介作用
学位名称	理学硕士（同等学力硕士）
其他题名	Effects of Parenting Practice and Effortful Control on Trait Anxiety of Adolescents
学位专业	健康心理学
中文摘要	The study investigated the effect of parenting practice on trait anxiety of adolescents, and explored whether effortful control played a mediating role, gender and grade of teenagers played a moderating role. The subjects of the study were middle school students. The samples were 1279 students aged 12–18, who selected from the national youth mental health database, which belonged to the INSTITUE OF PSYCHOLOGY, CAS. Analyses were conducted in the sample of. In the study, adolescents rated their trait anxiety using State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and effortful control using the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire (EATQ)．Parenting practice was assessed through parenting scales of the Iowa Youth and Families Project．SPSS 22.0 and Amos 24 software was used for data analysis. The overall situation and differences of the three variables were analyzed by descriptive statistics, variance analysis, paired sample and independent sample t test. The relationship between the three variables was studied by correlation analysis. Structural equation model was used to verify the mediating effect, and multi-group analysis was used to verify the moderating role. The results were as follows: (1) The level of adolescents’ trait anxiety tended to increase with the age, and significant gender differences only occurred in grade one and two of middle school. (2) Effortful control of adolescents partially mediated the relationships between positive parenting, negative maternal parenting with trait anxiety of adolescents. (3) Effortful control of adolescents completely mediated the relationships between negative paternal parenting with trait anxiety of adolescents. (4) The gender and grade of adolescent only played a moderating role in the direct path, and both of the first and second half of the mediating path of maternal parenting on trait anxiety of adolescents. These results draw the following conclusions: Both positive parenting and negative maternal parenting affected trait anxiety of adolescents directly and indirectly by effortful control; the negative paternal parenting only affected trait anxiety of adolescents indirectly by effortful control; in the direct path of mediating model, the direct effect of maternal inductive reasoning on trait anxiety of boys was greater than girls, and the direct effect of maternal hostility on trait anxiety of boys was smaller than girls; in the first half of the mediating model, the positive effect of maternal inductive reasoning on effortful control of boys was greater, and the negative effect of maternal hostility on effortful control of boys was greater; in the indirect effect of positive maternal parenting on trait anxiety of adolescents, the effect of senior three students’ effortful control on trait anxiety was greater than grade one and two of middle school, and the direct effect of negative maternal parenting on trait anxiety of middle school, which was not exist on senior three students.
英文摘要	研究主要探讨父母教养行为对青少年特质焦虑的影响，并考察意志控制的中介作用和性别与年级的调节作用。研究对象为中学生，样本来自中国科学院心理研究所的全国青少年心理健康数据库中1279名12–18岁在校学生。研究使用状态－特质焦虑量表测量青少年特质焦虑，青少年早期气质量表测量意志控制，爱荷华青年和家庭项目的教养问卷多人评价测量父母教养行为。数据使用SPSS 22.0和Amos 24软件进行处理，通过描述性统计、方差分析、配对样本和独立样本t检验分析了三个变量的总体状况和内部差异，采用相关分析探寻三个变量之间的关系，通过结构方程模型检验中介作用，使用多群组分析检验调节作用，结果如下：（1）青少年特质焦虑水平随年龄增长而升高，性别差异仅出现在初一、二年级；（2）青少年意志控制分别在父亲积极、母亲积极和消极教养行为与青少年特质焦虑间起部分中介作用；（3）青少年意志控制在父亲消极教养行为与青少年特质焦虑间起完全中介作用；（4）青少年性别和年级仅在母亲教养行为对特质焦虑影响的直接路径和前后两段中介路径中起到了调节作用。分析结果得出以下结论：父亲和母亲的积极教养与母亲消极教养都会直接，以及间接地通过青少年意志控制影响青少年特质焦虑水平；父亲消极教养仅通过青少年意志控制间接影响青少年特质焦虑水平；在中介模型的直接路径中，母亲引导对男生特质焦虑的直接影响比女生大，母亲敌意对男生特质焦虑的直接影响比女生小；在中介模型的前半中介路径中，母亲引导对男生意志控制的积极影响更大，母亲敌意对男生意志控制的消极影响更大；在母亲积极教养对青少年特质焦虑的间接影响中，高三学生意志控制对特质焦虑的积极影响比初一、二年级大；母亲消极教养对初一、二和初三学生特质焦虑的直接影响在高三学生中不存在。
语种	中文
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41624]
专题	心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	貊可. 父母教养行为和意志控制对青少年特质焦虑的影响[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2021.

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