| 题名 | 心理灵活性对青春期不同阶段青少年心理健康的影响研究 |
| 作者 | 张凌 |
| 答辩日期 | 2017-01 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 李新影 |
| 关键词 | 青少年心理健康 心理灵活性 应激 父母自主支持 教师自主支持 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士（同等学力硕士） |
| 其他题名 | The influence of psychological flexibility on the mental health of adolescents at different stages of adolescence |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 中文摘要 | Objective:In recent years, in view of the adolescent suicide there are numerous unsubstantiated reports, because looks are clashed with parents or teachers, teens on an impulse took their own lives, but in fact, schools and families bring stress is accumulated to students, students cannot well deal with the stress of pressure after a conflict broke out. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance to explore the influencing factors between stress and students' mental health, and to understand the influencing ways of parents' and teachers' independent support on students' mental health, so as to maintain and improve students' mental health education and clinical intervention. Starting with psychological flexibility, this study explored the role of psychological flexibility in the relationship between the external environment and the mental health of adolescents in different periods, so as to provide basis and reference for the clinical intervention of mental health of adolescents. Methods:This study consists of four cross-sectional design studies,Study I explored the moderating effect of mental flexibility on stress and mental health of adolescents in early adolescence. A total of 597 questionnaires were sent out to adolescents in the first and second grade of junior high school, and 578 were effectively received with an effective recovery rate of 96.8%. Psychological investigation was carried out by using Self-made Demograph Scale, Middle school Students' Stressors Scale, Mental Health Inventory of Middle-school students and Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth. SPSS 22 statistical software was used for data analysis, common method deviation test was used for factor analysis, independent sample t test and ANOVA one-way analysis of variance were used to compare the score differences between different variables, Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between variables. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to verify the moderating effect of psychological flexibility on stress and mental health.Study II explored the moderating effect of psychological flexibility on stress and mental health of adolescents in mid-adolescence. A total of 608 questionnaires were distributed to adolescents in the middle of adolescence in the first and second grades of senior high school, and 591 of them were effectively received with an effective recovery rate of 97.2%. The research tools and methods are the same as those in Study I. Study III investigated the mediating role of mental flexibility in the relationship between parental and teacher independent support and mental health of adolescents in early adolescence, The research object of Study 3 was the same as that of Study 1. Psychological investigation was conducted on the subjects using the Self-made Demograph Scale, Parental Autonomous Support Scale, Teacher Autonomous Support Scale, Mental Health Inventory of Middle-school students, and Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth. SPSS 22 statistical software was used for data analysis, common method deviation test was used for factor analysis, independent sample t test and ANOVA one-way analysis of variance were used to compare the score differences between different variables, Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between variables. Amos 22.0 software was used to construct the structural equation model to test the hypothesis model of the mediation model.Study IV examined the mediating role of mental flexibility in the relationship between parental and teacher independent support and mental health of adolescents in the middle adolescence. The subjects of study IV are the same as those of study II, and the research tools are the same as those of study III.Results:Study I: (1) The overall mental health status of adolescents in early adolescence is good. The detection rate of mental health problems is 29%, of which 24.4% are mild mental problems, 4.3% are moderate mental problems, 0.3% are severe mental problems. The top three problems were emotional instability, anxiety and compulsion, in that order. The top three stressors that most affect the mental health of adolescents in early adolescence are learning pressure, self-body and mind pressure and pressure from classmates and friends. (2) The factors of stress difference among adolescents in early adolescence include whether they live in school, family residence and family monthly income, etc., the factors of mental health difference include grade, whether they live in school, family residence and family monthly income, etc., and the factors of psychological flexibility difference include whether they live in school, etc.(3) For the mental health of adolescents in early adolescence, the interaction between psychological flexibility and stressors is significant.Study II: (1) The overall mental health status of adolescents in the middle of adolescence is good, and the detection rate of mental health problems is 29.6%, among which 22.5% are mild mental problems, 6.8% are moderate mental problems, and 0.3% are severe mental problems. The top three problems are anxiety, emotional instability and learning pressure. The top three stressors that most affect the mental health of adolescents in mid-adolescence are learning pressure, self-body and mind pressure and pressure from classmates and friends. (2) The factors of stress difference among adolescents in mid-adolescence include family monthly total income, the factors of mental health difference include family residence and family monthly total income, and the factors of psychological flexibility difference include only child or not. (3) For the mental health of adolescents in mid-adolescence, the interaction between psychological flexibility and stressors is significant. Study III: (1) The mean value of parents' independent support is 3.41, and the mean value of teachers' independent support is 3.71. (2) The difference factors of parental autonomy support in early adolescence include grade, whether to live in school, family residence and family monthly income, etc. The factors of difference in teachers' independent support include whether they live in school, family residence and parents' marital status. (3) Psychological flexibility played a partial mediating role in the effect of parental autonomy support on adolescent mental health and that of teacher autonomy support on adolescent mental health, with effect values of 38.24% and 15.28% respectively |
| 英文摘要 | 目的：近年来，针对青少年自杀的报道屡见不鲜，原因看似都是与家长或老师发生冲突之后，青少年在冲动之下结束了自己的生命，但其实，学校与家庭给学生带来的应激是日积月累的，无法良好处理这种应激压力的学生在一次冲突后选择了爆发。青春期早期和中期的青少年的心理健康状况存在差异，因此探索应激与不同时期学生们心理健康之间的影响因素，了解父母和教师的自主支持对不同时期学生心理健康的影响途径，对有针对性的维护和提高学生心理健康的教育和临床干预具有重要的理论意义。本研究从心理灵活性入手，探讨心理灵活性在外界环境与不同时期青少年心理健康之间发挥的作用，为青少年心理健康的临床干预提供依据和参考。方法：本研究共包括四个横断面设计的研究，研究一：探索心理灵活性在应激与青春期早期青少年心理健康问题之间的调节作用，以初一、初二年级的青春期早期青少年为研究对象，共发放问卷597份，回收有效问卷578份，问卷有效回收率是96.8%。采用《自编人口学量表》《中学生应激源量表》《中学生心理健康量表》《青少年回避与融合问卷》对被试进行心理学调查。采用spss 22统计软件对数据进行数据分析，采用因子分析进行共同方法偏差检验、使用独立样本t检验和ANOVA单因素方差分析比较不同变量之间的分数差异，使用皮尔逊相关分析探索变量之间的相关关系，使用多元线性回归分析验证心理灵活性在应激与心理健康问题之间的调节作用。研究二：探索心理灵活性在应激与青春期中期青少年心理健康问题之间的调节作用，以高一、高二年级的青春期中期青少年为研究对象，共分发问卷608份，回收有效问卷591份，问卷有效回收率是97.2%。研究工具和研究方法与研究一相同。研究三：考察心理灵活性在青春期早期青少年父母自主支持和教师自主支持与心理健康问题之间的中介作用，研究三的研究对象与研究一相同，采用《自编人口学量表》《父母自主支持量表》《教师自主支持量表》《中学生心理健康量表》《青少年回避与融合问卷》对被试进行心理学调查。采用spss 22统计软件对数据进行数据分析，采用因子分析进行共同方法偏差检验、使用独立样本t检验和ANOVA单因素方差分析比较不同变量之间的分数差异，使用皮尔逊相关分析探索变量之间的相关关系。通过AMOS 22.0软件构建结构方程模型进行中介模型的假设模型检验。研究四：考察心理灵活性在青春期中期青少年父母自主支持和教师自主支持与心理健康问题之间的中介作用。研究四的研究对象与研究二相同，研究工具与研究三相同。结果：研究一：（1）处于青春期早期青少年的总体心理健康状况良好，心理健康问题的检出率是29%，其中轻度心理问题占24.4%，中度心理问题占4.3%，重度心理问题占0.3%。排名前三的问题依次是情绪不稳定、焦虑和强迫问题。最影响青春期早期青少年心理健康的前三个应激源依次是学习压力、自我身心压力和同学朋友压力。（2）青春期早期青少年应激压力差异的因素有是否住校、家庭居住地和家庭月总收入等，心理健康问题差异的因素有年级、是否住校、家庭居住地和家庭月总收入等，心理灵活性差异的因素有是否住校等。（3）对于青春期早期青少年的心理健康问题，心理灵活性与应激源的交互作用显著。研究二：（1）处于青春期中期青少年的总体心理健康状况良好，心理健康问题的检出率是29.6%，其中轻度心理问题占22.5%，中度心理问题占6.8%，重度心理问题占0.3%，排名前三的问题依次是焦虑、情绪不稳定和学习压力问题。最影响青春期中期青少年心理健康的前三个应激源依次是学习压力、自我身心压力和同学朋友压力。（2）青春期中期青少年应激压力差异的因素有家庭月总收入，心理健康问题差异的因素有家庭居住地和家庭月总收入，心理灵活性差异的因素有是否独生子女。（3）对于青春期中期青少年的心理健康问题，心理灵活性与应激源的交互作用显著。研究三：（1）青春期早期青少年的父母自主支持的均值为3.41，教师自主支持的均值为3.71。（2）青春期早期青少年父母自主支持的差异因素有年级、是否住校、家庭居住地和家庭月总收入等；教师自主支持差异的因素有是否住校、家庭居住地和父母婚姻状况。（3）心理灵活性在青春期早期父母自主支持对青少年心理健康问题的影响与教师自主支持对青少年心理健康问题的影响中均有部分中介作用，效应值分别为38.24%和15.28%。研究四：（1）青春期中期青少年的父母自主支持的均值为3.54，教师自主支持的均值为3.66，整体情况良好。（2）青春期中期青少年父母自主支持的差异因素有是否住校、家庭居住地和家庭月总收入等；教师自主支持差异的因素是是否住校。（3）青春期中期青少年父母自主支持、教师自主支持与心理健康问题呈显著正相关（p＜0.05），与心理灵活性无显著相关（p＞0.05）。结论：（1）各阶段青少年整体心理健康状况良好。（2）心理灵活性在青春期早期和中期的青少年群体的应激与心理健康问题之间均具有调节作用。（3）心理灵活性在青春期早期青少年父母自主支持、教师自主支持与心理健康问题间具有中介作用。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41611]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张凌. 心理灵活性对青春期不同阶段青少年心理健康的影响研究[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2017. |
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