题名气-液-固三相流化床多尺度建模及煤炭多联产气化炉流场数值模拟
作者晋国栋
学位类别博士
答辩日期2005
授予单位中国科学院过程工程研究所
授予地点中国科学院过程工程研究所
导师李静海
关键词气固二相流 双流体模型 多联产系统 气化炉 数值模拟
其他题名Multi-Scale Modeling of Gas-Liquid-Solid Three-Phase System and Numerical Simulation of Flow Field in Coal Gasifier of Multi-Generation System
学位专业化学工艺
中文摘要气-液-固三相流化床因具有良好的热、质传递效率和固体颗粒混合特性而被广泛应用于许多工业过程。其流体力学特性对多相反应过程有重要影响,进一步开展对流体力学特性的研究,根据流动的具体情况,建立简单、合理的数学模型,对三相床的设计、放大和提高其性能具有重要意义。根据气一液一固三相流动中存在多尺度结构的特点,即液体一固体颗粒之间的微尺度作用、离散气泡和气泡尾涡与液一固拟均匀介质之间的中尺度作用,及三相介质和床边界(壁面、出入口等)之间的宏尺度作用,结合气-液-固三相能量最小一多尺度模型(EMMS)和三相拟流体模型,对三相系统进行了数值模拟研究工作:首先,进一步完善了气一液一固三相EMMS模型。在三相床中,紧跟气泡后面的气泡尾涡在动力学上是与其周围液一固介质明显不同的相。在前人工作的基础上,本文把气泡尾涡相从液一固相中进一步分离出来,依据多尺度方法学的一般步骤,对三相床进行多尺度分解,建立每个尺度上的守恒条件和不同尺度上的联系,假设由气泡浮力作功转化而来的湍流动能是控制三相床内最大稳定气泡直径的主要因素,提出气一液一固三相之间相互协调的稳定性条件,建立了三相EMMS模型。在较广泛的实验条件下进行的检验表明,该模型可较好地预测三相床总体动力学参数。其次,根据三相床多尺度流动的特点,采用尺度分解的方法,修正了三相拟流体模型中相间动量传递的阻力公式,考虑了第三相的加入对其余两项相互作用的影响。把微尺度的固体颗粒对离散气泡与液体的中尺度作用的影响归结为对液一固拟均匀流体物性,如粘度和密度的修正,把中尺度的离散气泡对颗粒一液体之间的微尺度作用的影响修正为无气泡存在时的有效体积分率进行计算。再次,把EMMS模型和三相拟流体模型相结合,利用它们各自的优势,完善三相床的CFD模拟。利用EMMs模型得到床内的平均气泡直径是拟流体模型中描述相间动量交换必不可少的参数,解决了拟流体模型的封闭性问题。利用三流体模型可以求得流场的详细信息和宏观流动结构,克服了三相EMMS模型目前只能得到总体动力学参数的局限。主题词:气一液一固流三相态化;EMMS模型;拟流体模型;多尺度方法,CFD模拟工作二、煤炭多联产系统气化炉流场数值模拟摘要分析了目前广泛应用的两类双流体模型(Gidaspow模型A和模型B)的关系,指出模型B是模型A的一种近似,是模型A中气、固两相动量方程之差忽略气相惯性力和气相粘性应力的结果。在气一固二相流中,气、固两相的贯吐力相差几个数量级,因此,在气一固二相流,模型B是模型A的一种很好的近似。采用模型A进行数值模拟,为了检验所用模型和数值方法的可靠性,对文献中与多联产系统气化炉中相似物性参数和操作条件的实验工况进行了模拟,数值模拟结果与实验结果符合较好。在此基础上,以某单位设计的热一电一气多联产系统的气化炉为例,对其内的流场进行了模拟,得到了各相速度和浓度的分布。考察了床料平均停留时间,计算结果与实验相当接近,并研究了不同床层结构刘一流场和颗粒平均停留时间的影响,对指导多联产系统的设计和放大有重要意义。
英文摘要Because of the high mass and heat transfer efficiency and the macro-scale mixing characteristic of solid particles, gas-liquid-solid three-phase fluidized beds are widely used in many industrial processes. The hydrodynamics of three-phase beds has important impacts on the multi-phase reaction processes. It is very important to establish a simple and reasonable mathematical model for predicting the hydrodynamics of three-phase fluidization and providing a tool for design and scale up of such reactors. Multi-scale simulation of three-phase fluidization has been performed using an integrated three-phase EMMS model and Three-Fluid model based on the analysis of multi-scale structures in three phase flow, i.e., the micro-scale of solid particles, meso-scale of dispersed bubbles and bubble wakes, macro-scale of the whole bed unit. This paper mainly deals with the multi-scale modeling of three-phase fluidization in the following three aspects: Improvement of the three-phase EMMS model with the consideration of the bubble wake effects. A new three-phase EMMS model is established on the basis of scale-scale methodology, validated with a broad rangeof operating conditions available in the references, indicating that the model is capable of predicting the global hydrodynamics of the three-phase flow. Modificationof theinter-phasemomentum exchangerelationships in the Three-Fluid model using the multi-scale resolution method in a control volume. The effects of the third phase on the interaction between the other two phases have been taken into account. The physical properties of liquid such as the viscosity and density are modified to account for the effect of micro-scale solid particles on the meso-scale interaction between bubbles and the liquid-solid mixture. The efficient volume fractions of solid and liquid are used in the micro-scale interaction between the solid particles and liquid. Integration between the three-phase EMMS model and the Three-Fluid model to take advantage of each other and improve the CFD simulation of three-phase fluidization. The mean bubble diameter can be obtained using the EMMS model, which is a crucial parameter for describing the inter-phase action in the Three-Fluid model. The detailed information and the macro-scale flow structure can be obtained by solving the three-fluid model, which can not be gotten from the current version of the three-phase EMMS model.
语种中文
公开日期2013-09-16
页码75
内容类型学位论文
源URL[http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1387]  
专题过程工程研究所_研究所(批量导入)
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
晋国栋. 气-液-固三相流化床多尺度建模及煤炭多联产气化炉流场数值模拟[D]. 中国科学院过程工程研究所. 中国科学院过程工程研究所. 2005.
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