Constructing HLM to examine multi-level poverty-contributing factors of farmer households: Why and how?

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228032

	Constructing HLM to examine multi-level poverty-contributing factors of farmer households: Why and how?
	Jiang, Yuewen 1,2; Huang, Chong 2; Yin, Duoduo 1; Liang, Chenxia 1; Wang, Yanhui 1
刊名	PLOS ONE
	2020-01-24
卷号	15 期号:1 页码:17
ISSN号	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0228032
通讯作者	Huang, Chong(huangch@lreis.ac.cn) ; Wang, Yanhui(huiwangyan@sohu.com)
英文摘要	Accurately identifying poverty-contributing factors of farmer households in an all-round way is the critical prerequisite and guarantee for taking targeted measures in poverty alleviation. From the combined perspectives of multi-level comprehensive detection and human-nature sustainable development, this study has designed a multi-level index system of household-level, village-level, and town-level, and constructed a nested three-level hierarchical linear model to examine the poverty-contributing factors of farmer households, and to reveal the significant ones and their multi-level interaction mechanism. The case test from Fugong County shows that: (1) Poverty-contributing factors are multi-level, showing both individual and background effects. 77.14% of the poverty is caused by household-level factors, 6.24% by village-level ones and 16.62% by town-level factors. (2) Significant poverty-contributing factors at different levels are different, identifying different contribution degrees to poverty gaps of farmer households. Five household-level factors show significant influence on poverty degree and account for 70.95% of the overall poverty gap among poor households, 11.70% for four village-level significant factors and 86.80% for two town-level ones, respectively. (3) Higher-level factors have different degrees of influence on the contribution difference of lower-level ones. The two town-level factors, terrain relief and town per capita annual income have explained 59.38% of the difference of village-level proportion of migrant workers' contribution to poverty degree among towns and 89.89% of the difference of household-level per capita annual income's contribution to poverty degree among towns respectively. (4) Measures such as improving the type of access to roads, developing characteristic planting and breeding, and implementing relocation projects, can help poor households in the study area to reduce poverty. This study provides a new perspective for identifying farmers' poverty-contributing factors and technical reference and decision support for local departments to plan and implement targeted assistance and household-specific development policies.
资助项目	National Natural Science Foundation of China[41771157] ; National Key R&D Program of China[2018YFB0505400] ; Great Wall Scholars Program[CITTCD20190328] ; Key Research Projects of National Statistical Science of China[2018LZ27] ; Research project of Beijing Municipal Education Committee[KM201810028014] ; Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies, Capital Normal University ; Young Yanjing Scholar Project of Capital Normal University
WOS关键词	MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY ; DYNAMICS ; VULNERABILITY ; REGIONS ; IMPACT ; AREAS ; PANEL ; RISK
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
语种	英语
出版者	PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
WOS记录号	WOS:000534599100098
资助机构	National Natural Science Foundation of China ; National Key R&D Program of China ; Great Wall Scholars Program ; Key Research Projects of National Statistical Science of China ; Research project of Beijing Municipal Education Committee ; Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies, Capital Normal University ; Young Yanjing Scholar Project of Capital Normal University
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.igsnrr.ac.cn/handle/311030/159506]
专题	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
通讯作者	Huang, Chong; Wang, Yanhui
作者单位	1.Capital Normal Univ, Educ Minist, 3D Informat Collect & Applicat Key Lab, Beijing, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Beijing, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Jiang, Yuewen,Huang, Chong,Yin, Duoduo,et al. Constructing HLM to examine multi-level poverty-contributing factors of farmer households: Why and how?[J]. PLOS ONE,2020,15(1):17.
APA	Jiang, Yuewen,Huang, Chong,Yin, Duoduo,Liang, Chenxia,&Wang, Yanhui.(2020).Constructing HLM to examine multi-level poverty-contributing factors of farmer households: Why and how?.PLOS ONE,15(1),17.
MLA	Jiang, Yuewen,et al."Constructing HLM to examine multi-level poverty-contributing factors of farmer households: Why and how?".PLOS ONE 15.1(2020):17.