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	Fiber optic switch with remote optical powering
	GFELLER, FRITZ, DR.; HEINZMANN, PETER LEANDER, DR.; MARTIN, OLIVER; MÜLLER, JOHANN RUDOLF
	1995-11-15
著作权人	INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
专利号	EP0505655B1
国家	欧洲专利局
文献子类	授权发明
其他题名	Fiber optic switch with remote optical powering
英文摘要	This invention relates to a remotely optically powered fiber optic switch, e.g. in a fiber optic network, and a GRIN-rod (Graded-Refractive-Index-rod) lens (90) with integrated panar mirror (98) as switching element, in particular suited for fiber optic switches. A distribution panel (30), in which the switching element, a wavelength-division demultiplexer (33), a light-into-current converter (34) and an actuator (92) for the switching element are situated, is remotely optically powered from a station (35) in the network. Part of this station is a laser diode (31) which feeds a powering lightwave via a wavelength-division multiplexer (32) into an optical fiber interconnecting the station (35) with the distribution panel (30), which fiber can also be used for data transmission. The light-into-current converter receives the powering lightwave and generates en electric current for driving the actuator and moving the switching element. A GRIN-rod lens with integrated planar mirror serves as switching element by rotating it in a ferrule (91) and establishing different light paths depending on the position of the integrated mirror with respect to lightwaves optically coupled to the end facets of the GRIN-rod. For the above described GRIN-rod with mirror a special Shape-Memory-Alloy (SMA) actuator is based on a new technology using the Shape-Memory-Effect (SME) of Ti-Ni or Cu-Zn-Al alloys. Depending of the temperature, SMAs have two phases (austenite and martensite). The alloy, in our embodiments simple wires, can be given a distinct geometric shape in each phase. Switching the actuator from its parent shape (austenite phase) to its intermediate shape (martensite phase) is simply effected by rising the temperature of the wire. The parent shape is obtained again by lowering the temperature. The SME allows fast transition from one phase to the other and shape reversal has been demonstrated to be above 1 million cycles without fatigue. Depending on the alloy composition, the transition temperature can be chosen in the range of -200 to +150 degree C, thus allowing a considerable margin in operational temperatures. Heating of the SMA is usually accomplished by passing an electric current through the material, herein refered to as resistive heating.
公开日期	1995-11-15
申请日期	1991-03-25
状态	失效
内容类型	专利
源URL	[http://ir.opt.ac.cn/handle/181661/36034]
专题	半导体激光器专利数据库
作者单位	INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	GFELLER, FRITZ, DR.,HEINZMANN, PETER LEANDER, DR.,MARTIN, OLIVER,et al. Fiber optic switch with remote optical powering. EP0505655B1. 1995-11-15.

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