The changing anthropogenic diets of American black bears over the past   century in Yosemite National Park

doi:10.1890/130276

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	The changing anthropogenic diets of American black bears over the past century in Yosemite National Park
	Hopkins, John B., III ; Koch, Paul L. ; Ferguson, Jake M. ; Kalinowski, Steven T.
刊名	frontiers in ecology and the environment
	2014
关键词	STABLE-ISOTOPE RATIOS FOOD-WEB HYDROGEN EXPLOITATION DELTA-C-13 ECOSYSTEM NITROGEN ECOLOGY CARBON
DOI	10.1890/130276
英文摘要	We used carbon (delta C-13) and nitrogen (delta N-15) stable isotopes derived from the tissues of American black bears (Ursus americanus) to estimate the proportion of human-derived foodstuffs and food waste ("human foods") in the diets of human food-conditioned bears over the past century in Yosemite National Park, located in central-eastern California. Our goal was to understand how the foraging ecology of bears responded to changing management strategies. We found that the proportion of human foods increased in bear diets when park personnel and visitors fed bears intentionally in 1923-1971, remained relatively high and constant after artificial feeding areas were closed, and declined drastically in 1999-2007, following a $500 000 annual government appropriation used to mitigate human-bear conflicts in the park. This reduction in the amount of human foods in bear diets suggests that Yosemite managers have been successful in reducing the availability of human foods to bears. Yosemite bears currently consume human foods in the same proportion as they did in 1915-1919. This result indicates a notable management achievement in the park, considering that thousands of people visited Yosemite annually in the early 1900s while about four million people visit each year today.; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; SCI(E); 4; ARTICLE; jbhopkins3@gmail.com; 2; 107-114; 12
语种	英语
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.pku.edu.cn/handle/20.500.11897/389787]
专题	生命科学学院
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hopkins, John B., III,Koch, Paul L.,Ferguson, Jake M.,et al. The changing anthropogenic diets of American black bears over the past century in Yosemite National Park[J]. frontiers in ecology and the environment,2014.
APA	Hopkins, John B., III,Koch, Paul L.,Ferguson, Jake M.,&Kalinowski, Steven T..(2014).The changing anthropogenic diets of American black bears over the past century in Yosemite National Park.frontiers in ecology and the environment.
MLA	Hopkins, John B., III,et al."The changing anthropogenic diets of American black bears over the past century in Yosemite National Park".frontiers in ecology and the environment (2014).