Spatiotemporal variations of hydrogeochemistry and its controlling factors in the Gandaki River Basin, Central Himalaya Nepal | |
Tang, HD (Tang, Handuo)1,2,3,4; Zhang, F (Zhang, Fan)1,2,3,4; Rehman, FU (Rehman, Faizan Ur)1,2,3,4,6; Wang, GX (Wang, Guanxing)1,2,3,4; Ye, M (Ye, Ming)7; Pant, RR (Pant, Ramesh Raj)1,2,3,4,5; Zeng, C (Zeng, Chen)1,2 | |
刊名 | SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT |
2018-05-01 | |
卷号 | 622-623期号:0页码:770-782 |
关键词 | Major-element Chemistry Tropical Mountain River Southern Western-ghats Weathering Processes Seasonal-variation Ion Chemistry Water-quality Indus River Land-use Geochemistry |
ISSN号 | 0048-9697 |
DOI | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.063 |
英文摘要 | The characterization and assessment of water quality in the head water region of Himalaya is necessary, given the immense importance of this region in sustaining livelihoods of people and maintaining ecological balance. A total of 165 water samples were collected from 55 sites during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons in 2016 from the Gandaki River Basin of the Central Himalaya, Nepal. The pH, EC values and TDS concentrations were measured in-situ and the concentrations of major ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Cl-, SO42-, NO3-) and Si were analyzed in laboratory. Correlation matrices, paired t-test, cluster analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), the Piper, Gibbs, and Mixing plots, and saturation index were applied to the measurements for evaluating spatiotemporal variation of the major ions. The results reveal mildly alkaline pH values and the following pattern of average ionic dominance: Ca2+ >Mg2+ >Na+ > K+ for cations and HCO3- > SO42- > Cl- > NO3- for anions. The results of PCA, Gibbs plot and the ionic relationships displayed the predominance of geogenic weathering processes in areas with carbonate dominant lithology. This conclusion is supported by geochemically different water facies identified in the Piper plot as Ca-HCO3 (83.03%), mixed Ca-Mg-Cl (12.73.0%) and Ca-Cl (4.24%). Pronounced spatiotemporal heterogeneity demonstrates the influence of climatic, geogenic and anthropogenic conditions. For instance, the Ca2+-SO42-, Mg2+-SO42- and Na+-Cl-pairs exhibit strong positive correlation with each other in the upstream region, whereas relatively weak correlation in the downstream region, likely indicating the influence of evapo-crystallization processes in the upstream region. Analyses of the suitability of the water supply for drinking and irrigation reveal that the river has mostly retained its natural water quality but poses safety concern at a few locations. Knowledge obtained through this study can contribute to the sustainable management of water quality in the climatically and lithologically distinct segments of the Himalayan river basins. (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
学科主题 | 地理学 |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
语种 | 英语 |
出版者 | ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000426349000080 |
内容类型 | 期刊论文 |
源URL | [http://ir.itpcas.ac.cn/handle/131C11/8670] |
专题 | 青藏高原研究所_图书馆 |
通讯作者 | Zhang, F (Zhang, Fan) |
作者单位 | 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Tibetan Plateau Res, Key Lab Tibetan Environm Changes & Land Surface P, Beijing, Peoples R China; 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Tibetan Plateau Res, Key Lab Alpine Ecol & Biodivers, Beijing, Peoples R China; 3.CAS Ctr Excellence Tibetan Plateau Earth Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China; 4.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China; 5.Tribhuvan Univ, Cent Dept Environm Sci, Kirtipur, Nepal; 6.COMSATS Inst Informat Technol, Dept Earth Sci, Abbottabad, Pakistan; 7.Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Tang, HD ,Zhang, F ,Rehman, FU ,et al. Spatiotemporal variations of hydrogeochemistry and its controlling factors in the Gandaki River Basin, Central Himalaya Nepal[J]. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,2018,622-623(0):770-782. |
APA | Tang, HD .,Zhang, F .,Rehman, FU .,Wang, GX .,Ye, M .,...&Zeng, C .(2018).Spatiotemporal variations of hydrogeochemistry and its controlling factors in the Gandaki River Basin, Central Himalaya Nepal.SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,622-623(0),770-782. |
MLA | Tang, HD ,et al."Spatiotemporal variations of hydrogeochemistry and its controlling factors in the Gandaki River Basin, Central Himalaya Nepal".SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 622-623.0(2018):770-782. |
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