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题名	阿尔泰山边境铁丝网及对野生动物影响
作者	吴道宁
答辩日期	2017-05-01
文献子类	硕士
授予单位	中国科学院大学
授予地点	新疆乌鲁木齐
导师	马鸣
关键词	阿尔泰山 野生动物 边境铁丝网 生物通道 开放方式 Altay Mountain wildlife resource border fences biological corridor opening methods
学位专业	理学硕士
英文摘要	Border fences impact on wildlife migration, such as large mammals, geese andduckes.So the purpose of this study is to understand the status of wild animalresources in the Altay Prefecture, to investigate the situation of border fences at theAltay Mountains, to make clear the border fences impacted on animals, to putforward to restore or build biological corridor proposals, and come up with atransboundary protected area idea in the border area. The main results are as follows:1）Wildlife resources in the Altay Prefecture.The Altay Prefecture had 7 orders, 13 families, 31 genera and 35 - 42 species offish, 1 order, 2 families, 2 genera and 2 species of amphibians, 2 orders, 4 families,and 5genera and 11 species of reptiles, 20 orders, 61 families, 171 genera and 350species of birds, 7 orders, 20 families and 64 species of mammals.2）The status of border fences of the Altay Mountains.Border fences of the Altay Mountains involves China, Kazakhstan, Russia andMongolia, with the length of 1 205 km. The border fences height is 2.0 - 2.8 m,single door width is 1.2 - 1.3cm and height is 1.9 - 2.0 m. double doors width is 3.4 -3.6 m and height is 2.0 m. flood discharge culvert width is 98.2 cm and height is81.3 cm while length is 493.0 cm along the border fences.3）Border fences impacted on wildlife at Altay Mountains.We found wild animal corpses and furs, such as Red deer（Cervus elaphus），Siberian ibex（Capra sibirica）and Goitered gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) on theborder fences at the Altay Mountains. Death rate was approximately 0.74 individuals/ km in the Aketasibulake regional.Using camera trap to monitor results showed wildlife movement around theborder fences, such as Wolverine, Red deers and Siberian ibexes. Some infraredcameras monitored wild animal prowl back and forth near the border fences in winter. Many experiments showed that the border fences of the Altay Mountains hasno effect on reptiles, amphibians and small mammals, but the large andmedium-sized mammals, birds that in the wetlands were greatly impacted by theborder fences. It was estimated that 32.81% mammals and 16.57% birds may beaffected by the border fences in the Altay Prefecture.4）How did the local people know border fences?Survey results indicated that building border fence made wild animalspopulation decrease,and affected their activities and behaviors. Border fencesbecome the main factors that threatening the existence of wild animals at AltayMountains. Most interviewees considered that it was necessary to open wildlifecorridors in the border areas, they were willing to take part in protecting animals..5）Biological corridor recommends.In the border area, the influence of border fences on the migration of wildanimals is remarkable, especially the migration, hatching, changing hair, hiding,mating, calving, spreading, foraging and licking salt. The restoration orestablishment of biological channels in the border area of the Altay Mountains andthe construction of Transboundary Protected Area are conducive to improving theliving conditions of wild animals. Opening methods of biological corridor were (1)migration passage opening, （2）target species of biological corridor opening, （3）phased in stages opening, (4) alpine areas, depopulated zone or seasonal opening.We must take effective measures to ensure the safety of the border area after openingthe border fences.
语种	中文
学科主题	生态学
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/14907]
专题	新疆生态与地理研究所_研究系统_荒漠环境研究室
作者单位	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吴道宁. 阿尔泰山边境铁丝网及对野生动物影响[D]. 新疆乌鲁木齐. 中国科学院大学. 2017.

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