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题名	不同寄主来源的棉铃虫种群发生和交配过程模型模拟
作者	顾世民
答辩日期	2017-05-01
文献子类	硕士
授予单位	中国科学院大学
授予地点	新疆乌鲁木齐
导师	吕昭智
关键词	棉铃虫 种群动态 DYMEX 有效交配 庇护所优化 Helicoverpa armigera population dynamics DYMEX effectiveness m ating refuge optimization
学位专业	理学硕士
英文摘要	“Refuge” strategy was widely used in Xinjiang to delay the resistance problem of Helicoverpa armigera. The basis of successfully using this strategy is to take some suitable optimizing measures for refuges in some time. Population dynamics from different host plants and critical affecting factors in different periods, and the ranges of effective mating frequency are still lack of further and systematic study, which are even so important for the refuge optimization. In this study, through the laboratory experiments, isotope techniques and population modelling simulations, the field population dynamics and mating processes were simulated to determine key factor(s)affected population dynamics and ranges of effectiveness mating frequency of cotton bollworm from different host sources, and the goal is providing some useful suggestions for refuge optimization. Some of main results are as follows:(1) Mating frequencies of Helicoverpa armigera with different physiological ages Combinations of adults population mating with different ages were made and the experiments results found that the females in random mating was a determined role influencing mating frequencies. Mating frequencies of the 0-2 instars’ female were generally higher than others, and the average mating ratios were more than 60%; The females still had high potential mating abilities when ages were less than 5 instars, and average ratios exceeded 20% comapring to the females with 5~8 instars; In this study, the influence of the males' age was not significant in the mating frequency. (2) Modelling Simulations of Helicoverpa armigera using DYMEX and contributions analyses of key factors Establish DYMEX model could accurately simulate the field population dynamics of cotton bollworm（R2>0.4，P<0.05）. The effects of pesticides and natural enemies units in controlling the pest and contribution rates of interpreting variations of population dynamics were analyzed. The pesticide spraying events in controlling the first and second generations of eggs and larvae were pronounced, and average variation accounted for about 40%, but contribution rates of explaining population changed were declined when the third time pesticide spraying events happened; the effects of natural enemies in affecting the population decline rates were relatively stable, and the average contribution rates functioned by parasitoid and predator enemies units were 27% and 17%, respectively; The effects of interactions (insecticides and natural enemies) in negative affecting the eggs and larvae population, which trended to shrink in interpreting variations of population dynamics, except the first generations.(3) Mating process of cotton bollworm from different host sources Based on the isotope data, the population dynamics of cotton bollworm from different host plants were analyzed, which was also used to valid the simulating results. And there were generally consistency between the isotope and simulations results. According to the mating frequencies experiments’ results of cotton bollworm and the proportion dynamics of population from different host plants, the theoretical mating frequencies were calculated and ranged from 0.2 to 0.51 happened among different pest sources mating. The changing rates of mating frequencies with time were estimated. Different patterns of refuges had been simulated to know how it affected the mating frequencies, and found that the refuge size (able to supply C4 sources population) and synchronism between C3 and C4 in emerging adults for mating.(4) Simulating resistance management affected by changes of effectiveness mating frequencies Host transfer affected mating frequencies significantly when the mating processes happened between different pest sources in landscape scale, and the phenology and population density were important. And the simulations indicated that the effectiveness mating frequency ranged from 0.1 to 0.37. For the relationship between population dynamics and mating processes,, the timing of mating sooner or later would affected the population growth, and population growth rate would be decreased with the gap of adults peak periods increasing. The proportions of each kind of genotype had been calculated and their changes simulated. And the patterns of refuge such as the areas and distributions needed to consider the planting proportions and spatial layout of Bt cotton.So far, the established DYMEX model could simulate the field population dynamics under complicated conditions, which was useful for the comprehensive management, agricultural production activities and et al. Understanding mating processes of cotton bollworm was a good way of “Refuge” optimization. Mating processes happened among different pest sources were known after simulations under different “Refuge” modes, theoretically understanding the field resistance of cotton bollworm population dynamic of mating and evolutionary processes.Above all, this research solved the problem of determining effectiveness mating frequency ranges, which can optimize the establishment of “Refuge” in the future.And this also a valued job in providing some management references of delaying resistance and prolong the service life of Bt cotton.
语种	中文
学科主题	生态学
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/14872]
专题	新疆生态与地理研究所_研究系统_荒漠环境研究室
作者单位	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	顾世民. 不同寄主来源的棉铃虫种群发生和交配过程模型模拟[D]. 新疆乌鲁木齐. 中国科学院大学. 2017.

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