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题名	管道中水合物浆安全流动研究; Flow assurance of hydrate slurries in pipeline
作者	王武昌
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2008-05-30
授予单位	中国科学院广州能源研究所
授予地点	广州能源研究所
导师	樊栓狮
关键词	水合物浆 安全流动 堵塞 管道
其他题名	Flow assurance of hydrate slurries in pipeline
中文摘要	Hydrates are ice-like crystalline compounds and are likely to form in offshore condensate pipeline running at high pressure and relative low temperature, which has resulted in great effects on the petroleum industry. In order to keep the pipeline in the safe region many kinds of methods have been studied throughout the world. However, since 1970s as oil companies have been producing in more and more unusual environments, the limitation of traditional methods by preventing the formation of hydrates is more and more obvious. So, new methods for hydrate prevention have been developed and the main strategies on hydrate are changing from avoiding the formation of hydrate to risk management with hydrates in pipelines, the keys of which are to develop new kinds of economical low dosage hydrate inhibitors (LDHI) and prevent the formation of hydrate plugs in pipelines. However, at present there are very few conclusions on the formation and blockage of hydrates in pipeline. Moreover, there are no effective methods to judge the pipeline is running safely or not. So experiments on three kinds of hydrate slurries were conducted and a model to judge the safety of the pipeline was proposed, which can give some introductions to the further studying on natural gas hydrate slurries and to judge if the pipeline can be run safely or not. A new flow loop with a diameter of 42.0mm and length of 30.0m was designed and constructed in an environmentally controlled room, which can be used to study the flow characters of hydrate slurries in different flow conditions. Experiments on three kinds of hydrates slurries including HCFC-141b, THF and TBAB were conducted, which give rises to a series of important conclusions as follows: All these three kinds of hydrates formed very easily in pipeline with the help of flow turbulence and there is almost no inducting time in the forming processes. According to the experiments, both HCFC-141b and THF slushlike hydrates are Bingham fluids. There are critical hydrate volume concentrations of 37.5% for HCFC-141b hydrate slurry and 50.6% for THF hydrate slurry respectively. The slushlike hydrates occur and the pressure drops of the flowing hydrates in pipeline increase substantially when the volume concentrations of hydrates in pipeline are larger than the critical ones. At last, relations to estimate the pressure drop of these two kinds of hydrate slurry in pipeline were presented and verified. Experimental results were compared to the estimated results, which showed a good agreement. Aggregations of hydrate particles are obvious with the increase of the hydrate volume concentration in pipelines. Both HCFC-141b and THF hydrate particles don’t adhere to the wall of the pipeline and pastes including hydrates and water occur when the volume concentrations is close to 70%, which results the whole blockage of the pipeline. On the contrary, hydrate particles of TBAB hydrate are inclined to adhere to the wall of pipeline, which attribute to the molecular diffuseness and results in the decrease of the pipe section piece by piece. A kind of AA named Span80 with a concentration of 3.5wt% can weaken the adherence of TBAB hydrate on pipeline effectively. According to the experiments, occurrence of slushlike hydrates or badly adherence of hydrates on pipeline may result in the blockage of hydrates in pipeline because of the aggregation of hydrate particles. So, a non-dimensional parameter Ch is proposed, which shows the agglomerating probability of hydrate particles in pipeline and can be used to judge the safety of the pipeline. Moreover, a safe model based on Ch to judge the safety of flow hydrate slurries was presented and verified with the experimental data of HCFC-141b and THF hydrates, which shows that the model is effective to judge if the pipeline can be run safely or not. And the model will be great helpful to judge the safety of hydrates flow in oil and gas pipeline.
语种	中文
公开日期	2011-07-10 ; 2011-07-15
页码	115
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.giec.ac.cn/handle/344007/4065]
专题	中国科学院广州能源研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王武昌. 管道中水合物浆安全流动研究, Flow assurance of hydrate slurries in pipeline[D]. 广州能源研究所. 中国科学院广州能源研究所. 2008.

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