| 题名 | 面向2μm单频激光应用的氟化物改性掺铥锗酸盐玻璃的研究 |
| 作者 | 焦孟珺 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 胡丽丽 |
| 关键词 | 氟化物 Fluoride 锗酸盐玻璃 Germanate glasses Tm3+离子高掺 High concentration Tm3+-ions doping 2μm激光 2 μm emission 单频光纤 Single-frequency fiber laser |
| 其他题名 | Study on Tm3+-doped fluoride modified germinate glass for 2 μm single-frequency fiber laser applications |
| 英文摘要 | ~2 μm激光波段是“人眼安全”波段，在大气监测、医疗手术、激光雷达、国防安全和遥感等领域具有广泛应用前景。单频光纤激光器的优点有较窄的输出光谱线宽、较低的噪声、较长的相干长度，在高精度光谱测量、原子捕获、相干光通信等领域受到了广泛的关注。单频激光输出可以通过超短腔实现，该方法需采用短长度的激光光纤，因此要求光纤具有较高的稀土离子掺杂浓度、较大的增益。本论文以研发2 μm掺铥锗酸盐单频激光光纤为目的，采用氟化物对掺铥的锗酸盐玻璃基质组分进行了优化，研究和分析了氟化物改性掺铥锗酸盐玻璃的热稳定性及光学性质，包层玻璃的组分及光学性质。 本论文共包括五章，第一章是绪论，第二章是实验方法和理论计算，第三章是氟化物对Tm3+离子2 μm光谱性质影响，第四章是含氟锗酸盐玻璃光谱性质的研究，第五章是高光学质量掺Tm3+锗酸盐玻璃和包层玻璃的熔制和性质研究，第六章是结论。 论文第一章为绪论部分，主要介绍了激光的基本原理，激光玻璃以及光纤激光器的基本知识和发展历史。其次介绍了2 μm激光和单频光纤激光器的应用和发展，进而提出了本文的研究内容及研究思路。 论文第二章介绍了玻璃和光纤的制备方法与工艺以及玻璃材料性能测试表征的方法、光谱分析计算的基本理论。 论文第三章研究分析了氟化物对Tm3+离子2 μm光谱性质影响。研究了在808 nm半导体激光器泵浦下，PbF2含量对5 wt%Tm2O3掺杂的锗酸盐玻璃2 μm荧光性能的影响。结果表明，随着PbF2浓度增加，锗酸盐玻璃2 μm荧光强度不断增强，相比于未掺入氟化物的锗酸盐玻璃，掺杂5 mol% PbF2的锗酸盐玻璃2 μm荧光强度增加近一倍，同时该样品△T＞240 ℃，抗析晶实验以及XRD测试结果表明该玻璃在软化温度附近也保持良好的热稳定性，有利于拉制光纤。随着PbF2含量的提高，锗酸盐玻璃-OH含量下降，当掺入5 mol%的PbF2 时，αOH可以降至0.33 cm-1； 3F4的荧光寿命从0.33 ms提高至1.55 ms。研究表明，掺入5 mol% PbF2达到良好的除水效果，并提高了锗酸盐玻璃~2 μm的荧光强度和3F4能级的荧光寿命，有利于~2 μm激光的产生。 第四章是在第三章的研究基础上，确定了锗酸盐玻璃的基质组分：55GeO2-15PbO-5PbF2-10BaO-10ZnO-5K2O（mol%），研究了Tm2O3含量对含氟锗酸盐玻璃热学和光谱性能的影响。首先分析了玻璃的羟基含量和热学性质，该玻璃羟基含量低（αOH=0.19~0.51 cm-1），并且随 Tm3+掺杂浓度增加，其抗析晶性能变好，这有利于实现稀土离子高浓度掺杂。其次研究分析了不同Tm3+掺杂浓度下的含氟锗酸盐玻璃荧光光谱和3F4能级的荧光衰减特性。当Tm2O3为5 wt%的掺杂浓度时，荧光强度在1915 nm处最强，峰值发射截面为5.84×10-21 cm2，3F4能级荧光寿命为2.21 ms。表明该掺铥含氟锗酸盐玻璃可以实现高浓度稀土离子掺杂，同时保持优良的抗析晶性能和光谱性质，是一种潜在的2 μm单频激光器增益材料。 第五章围绕实现2 μm单频光纤激光，设计了纤芯、包层玻璃配方，研究了纤芯、包层玻璃的光学性质及热学性能，测试了芯棒玻璃的光谱参数和折射率，以及包层玻璃的折射率，并探索了预制棒制备、光纤拉制等多项关键技术。纤芯Tm3+离子掺杂浓度为7.3×10-20 ions/cm3；荧光强度在1888 nm处最强，峰值发射截面为5.27×10-21 cm2；羟基含量低（αOH=0.28 cm-1）；3F4能级荧光寿命长，为2.34 ms。内包层玻璃通过微调纤芯组分获得，设计思路为：在纤芯玻璃组分基础上，通过去除PbF2加入SiO2降低玻璃的折射率。最终确定内包层玻璃组分为：47.5GeO2-7.5SiO2-20PbO-10BaO-10ZnO-5K2O（mol%），外包层玻璃为采购的商业光学玻璃ZF51。该锗酸盐玻璃纤芯和内外包层满足折射率参数匹配条件，并采用管棒法和堆垛法成功制备了芯层/内包层/外包层直径比为9/27/125 μm的掺Tm3+双包层锗酸盐玻璃单模光纤。 最后是论文的结论部分，总结了本课题的主要结果和创新点，同时也指出了不足，并提出了对今后工作的展望。; 2 μm lasers have broad prospects in the field of atmospheric monitoring, medical treatment, laser radar, military defense, remote sensing and so on. Because single-frequency fiber lasers have many advantages such as long coherence length, narrow output line-width, low noise, they have a wide range of applications in atomic capture, coherent optical communication, high-precision spectrum measurement and other fields. One way to achieve single-frequency laser output is by ultra-short cavity. So a high-gain and short-length laser fiber is required, therefore fiber with high doping concentration of rare earth ions is required. The motivation of this study is to find suitable laser fiber for 2 μm single-frequency lasers. The rare-earth ion-doped germanate glass components are optimized, and the physical properties, spectral properties of the thulium-doped glasses and fibers have been studied and analyzed. The dissertation includes the following six chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, and chapter two is the experimental methods and theoretical basis. Chapter three is the effect of fluoride on spectral properties of Tm3+-ions. Chapter four is spectroscopic properties of fluoro-germanate glasses. Chapter five is preparation of preform for 2 μm single-mode double-cladding laser fiber. The last chapter is the conclusion. In chapter one, fundamental theory, construction and applications of 2 μm laser are briefly introduced firstly. Then, the realization and application of 2 μm laser and single-frequency laser have been presented. Later, the research progress and current status on rare earth doped mid-IR glass fibers and lasers have been reviewed briefly. At last, the purpose and research topics of the dissertation are proposed. In chapter two, preparation of glass samples and preform, physical and spectroscopic properties measurements are introduced. The theories for analyzing the experimental data are reviewed as well. In chapter three, the effects of fluoride on the spectral properties of Tm3+-ions have been studied. The 2 μm emission property of germanate glasses doped with 5 wt% Tm2O3 and different fluoride contents had been studied under the pumping of 808 nm semiconductor laser. As the concentration of PbF2 increased to 5 mol%, the emission intensity at 2 μm continuously increased and thermal stability parameter ΔT＞240°C. At the same time, the anti-crystallization experiment and XRD test results showed that the glass maintained good thermal stability near the softening temperature, which was conducive to drawing into optical fiber. With the increase of fluoride content, the content of -OH in the germanate glass decreased. When 5 mol% of PbF2 was added, the -OH could be reduced to 0.33 cm-1, and the fluorescence lifetime of 3F4 level increased from 0.33 ms to 1.55 ms. Therefore, it is considered that the incorporation of 5 mol% PbF2 in the germanate glasses improves the fluorescence intensity and fluorescence lifetime of 3F4 due to the good hydroxyl removal effect of PbF2 fluoride, which is beneficial to ~2 μm laser. The chapter four is based on the study of the third chapter， the composition of germanate glass matrix is: 55GeO2-15PbO-5PbF2-10BaO-10ZnO-5K2O（mol%）, and spectroscopic properties of Tm3+-ions at 2 μm had been tested and analyzed. Firstly, the thermal properties and infrared spectra of the glass were tested and analyzed. Compared to the reported germanate glass, the hydroxyl content was lower (αOH=0.19~0.51 cm-1) and with the increasing of Tm3+-doping concentration, the thermal stability became better. Secondly, the fluorescence spectra of germanate glasses with different Tm3+- doping concentration and the decay characteristics of 3F4 energy level have been studied. The emission intensity at 1880 nm reached the maximum when the Tm2O3-doping concentration was 5 wt% at 1915 nm. The peak emission cross section is 5.84×10-21 cm2, and the 3F4 energy level test lifetime is 2.21 ms. The Tm2O3-doped fluorinated germanate glass can realize high-concentration rare-earth ion doping, while maintaining excellent anti-crystallization properties and spectral properties, so it is expected to be applied to a 2.0 μm single-frequency laser. In chapter five, the design of core, cladding glass, optical properties and thermodynamic properties have been studied. The spectral parameters and refractive index of the core glass and the refractive index of the cladding glass were tested, and several key technologies such as preparation of preform and fiber drawing were explored. The Tm3+-ion doping concentration in core glass is 7.3×10-20 ions/cm3; the emission cross section is located at 1888 nm, which is 5.27×10-21 cm2. And the fiber core has low hydroxyl content (αOH=0.28 cm-1) and long fluorescence lifetime of the 3F4 level (2.34 ms). The inner cladding glass is obtained by trimming the core component, and the design idea is to reduce the refractive index by substituting PbF2 with SiO2. The final composition of the inner cladding glass is: 47.5GeO2-7.5SiO2-20PbO-10BaO-10ZnO-5K2O（mol%）, and the outer cladding glass is commercial optical glass ZF51. The germanate glass fiber core and cladding satisfy the refractive index and thermal expansion coefficient matching conditions, and single-mode double-clad germanate glass fiber was successfully prepared by rod in tube and stacking methods as well as high temperature drawing. The last chapter is the conclusion. All results of present works have been concluded in this chapter. The innovation, shortage and outlook of this dissertation have been pointed out as well. |
| 学科主题 | 材料学 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/31049]  |
| 专题 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 作者单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 焦孟珺. 面向2μm单频激光应用的氟化物改性掺铥锗酸盐玻璃的研究[D]. |
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