Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe

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	Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe
	Haak, Wolfgang 1,2; Lazaridis, Iosif 3,4; Patterson, Nick 4; Rohland, Nadin 3,4; Mallick, Swapan 3,4,5; Llamas, Bastien 1,2; Brandt, Guido 6; Nordenfelt, Susanne 3,4; Harney, Eadaoin 3,4,5; Stewardson, Kristin 3,4,5
刊名	NATURE
	2015-06-11
卷号	522 期号:7555 页码:207-+
文献子类	Article
英文摘要	We generated genome-wide data from 69 Europeans who lived between 8,000-3,000 years ago by enriching ancient DNA libraries for a target set of almost 400,000 polymorphisms. Enrichment of these positions decreases the sequencing required for genome-wide ancient DNA analysis by a median of around 250-fold, allowing us to study an order of magnitude more individuals than previous studies(1-8) and to obtain new insights about the past. We show that the populations of Western and Far Eastern Europe followed opposite trajectories between 8,000-5,000 years ago. At the beginning of the Neolithic period in Europe, similar to 8,000-7,000 years ago, closely related groups of early farmers appeared in Germany, Hungary and Spain, different from indigenous hunter-gatherers, whereas Russia was inhabited by a distinctive population of hunter-gatherers with high affinity to a similar to 24,000-year-old Siberian(6). By similar to 6,000-5,000 years ago, farmers throughout much of Europe had more hunter-gatherer ancestry than their predecessors, but in Russia, the Yamnaya steppe herders of this time were descended not only from the preceding eastern European hunter-gatherers, but also from a population of Near Eastern ancestry. Western and Eastern Europe came into contact similar to 4,500 years ago, as the Late Neolithic Corded Ware people from Germany traced similar to 75% of their ancestry to the Yamnaya, documenting a massive migration into the heartland of Europe from its eastern periphery. This steppe ancestry persisted in all sampled central Europeans until at least similar to 3,000 years ago, and is ubiquitous in present-day Europeans. These results provide support for a steppe origin(9) of at least some of the Indo-European languages of Europe.
WOS关键词	ANCIENT DNA ; ADMIXTURE ; HISTORY ; DIVERSITY ; FARMERS ; GENOMES
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
语种	英语
WOS记录号	WOS:000356016700037
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://124.16.247.212/handle/311034/7197]
专题	古脊椎动物与古人类研究所_图书馆1
作者单位	1.Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Australian Ctr Ancient DNA, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia 2.Univ Adelaide, Inst Environm, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia 3.Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA 4.Broad Inst Harvard & MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA 5.Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA 6.Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Anthropol, D-55128 Mainz, Germany 7.Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany 8.Chinese Acad Sci, IVPP, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 9.Univ Tubingen, Inst Archaeol Sci, D-72070 Tubingen, Germany 10.Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Archaeol, Res Ctr Humanities, H-1014 Budapest, Hungary
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Haak, Wolfgang,Lazaridis, Iosif,Patterson, Nick,et al. Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe[J]. NATURE,2015,522(7555):207-+.
APA	Haak, Wolfgang.,Lazaridis, Iosif.,Patterson, Nick.,Rohland, Nadin.,Mallick, Swapan.,...&Reich, David.(2015).Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe.NATURE,522(7555),207-+.
MLA	Haak, Wolfgang,et al."Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe".NATURE 522.7555(2015):207-+.