题名用于井下测流的互相关方法及DSP的应用
作者沈志辉
学位类别博士
答辩日期2008-05-29
授予单位中国科学院声学研究所
授予地点声学研究所
关键词超声流量计 井下仪器 互相关 FPGA DSP
学位专业声学
中文摘要流量是表征油井动态变化和评价油层生产特性的一个重要参数,测量流量目的是了解各射孔层段产出或流入流体的性质和流量,以便对油井状况和油层开采特征做出评价。超声流量计由于具有无可动部件、灵敏度高、定位准确、不受流体性质影响等特点,是现有流量计中比较适合于同时在油、水井测量的工具,在测井中应用也越来越广泛。 本文在实验室前期工作的基础上,设计了一种新型的井下超声石油流量计,采用互相关方法求取顺逆流时差, 有效地克服了阈值法存在的错周期现象,提高测量稳定性和精度。互相关方法基于信号处理理论,认为两个相似波形互相关,取得最大互相关值的时间就是两个波形的时间差。由于互相关方法求取的是一种整体意义上的时差,因此可以有效地克服信号幅值波动带来的影响。 在井下超声流量计的设计中首次采用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)和数字信号处理器(DSP)。采用互相关方法计算顺逆流时差需要将超声回波数字化,而我们的超声波中心频率为1MHz,需要进行高速数据采集,FPGA有很高的工作频率,适合进行高速数据采集的控制工作。对采集到的数据进行插值和互相关计算有很大的计算量,因此采用专用的数字信号处理芯片DSP作为计算核心。
英文摘要Flow is an important parameter in monitoring petroleum downhole and evaluating the production of oil. Measuring the flow is for studying the character of liquid in the injection boreholes, so experts can evaluate the oil well and the petroleum layer. The ultrasonic flowmeter with no moving parts, high sensitivity, positioning accuracy, not affected by fluid character, so it is appropriate in the oil well. It is used in the logging more and more widely. This paper designs a new underground oil ultrasonic flowmeter based on our lab’s earlier work; the flowmeter uses correlation method to measure the time difference between the ultrasonic echoes. It eliminates cycle skip by using correlation method and improves the stability and accuracy of the system. Correlation method based on signal process theory, which two similar waves correlate, the time of the maximum correlation is the time difference of two waves. As the correlation method measures the time difference of whole wave, it can overcome the affection of undulation of the echo. In the design of downhole petroleum ultrasonic flowmeter, it is first time introducing the field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) and digital signal processor (DSP). It need digitize the ultrasonic echo signal by using correlation method to measure time difference. There is high frequency signal in our system (1 MHz), so it needs high-speed data acquisition. FPGA works in high speed; it is suitable for high-speed data acquisition of control. There are many calculations in the interpolation and correlation, we use dedicated digital signal processor DSP as core calculation.
语种中文
公开日期2011-05-07
页码70
内容类型学位论文
源URL[http://159.226.59.140/handle/311008/376]  
专题声学研究所_声学所博硕士学位论文_1981-2009博硕士学位论文
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
沈志辉. 用于井下测流的互相关方法及DSP的应用[D]. 声学研究所. 中国科学院声学研究所. 2008.
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