| 题名 | 焦化废水处理工艺优化及难降解含硫有机污染物的识别 |
| 作者 | 宋玉琼 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2016-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 高迎新 |
| 关键词 | 焦化废水，工艺优化，难降解含硫有机物 coking wastewater, process optimization, refractory sulfur-containing organic compounds |
| 其他题名 | Coking wastewater treatment process optimization and identification of refractory sulfur-containing organic pollutants |
| 学位专业 | 环境工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 近年来随着钢铁需求量不断增长，中国焦炭行业随之快速发展。焦炭行业产生了数量巨大的焦化废水，是一种典型的高浓度、可生化性差的工业有机废水，构成了严重的环境问题。目前国内焦化废水处理工艺仍然以生化工艺为主，主要存在工艺形式复杂、各工艺段作用不明确、生化系统处理效果差等问题，难以达到《炼焦化学工业污染物排放标准》（GB 16171-2012）。因此，明确焦化废水中污染物组成及去除特性、生化出水中难降解有机污染物是焦化废水达标排放的关键。 本文针对内蒙古某焦化厂废水处理系统存在的问题，通过对进水水质的控制、工艺调控对该工程进行系统优化，同时针对改造后的工艺进行了如下研究： 1、明确了改造后稳定运行的生化系统各工艺段的处理效果。调节池水质COD 为2703±653mg/L，NH3-N 84± 34mg/L，生化处理后好氧最终出水COD约为343 mg/L，NH3-N约 7 mg/L ，整个生化系统COD与NH3-N平均总去除率分别为87.31%、91.67%。生化系统出水TN的平均浓度99mg/L,平均去除率57.14%。 经过深度处理后该工程最终出水COD<150mg/L，氨氮<25 mg/L满足《炼焦化学工业排放标准》中的间接排放标准。 2、对焦化废水COD组成进行分析。其中，挥发酚、硫化物、硫氰化物、氰化物贡献COD的比例分别为42.55%、1.97%、22.37%。 3、探究生化系统各工艺段对特征污染物挥发酚、硫氰化物、硫化物的去除特性。挥发酚在焦化废水中的浓度较高，却易被驯化的污泥降解，其中缺氧、好氧段去除率分别为89.50%、4.69%，经过生化处理后出水挥发酚几乎完全被降解，达到排放标准。调节池硫氰化物的平均浓度是869.7mg/L，经过厌氧、缺氧、好氧一系列生化处理后，可以被完全降解，其中缺氧段去除率为89.02%，好氧段去除率为8.72%，缺氧工艺对硫氰化物降解效果最佳。硫化物经过生化系统处理后最终能被完全降解，其中缺氧阶段去除率达到88.96%。 4、通过X射线光电子能谱分析（XPS）对生化系统厌氧/缺氧/好氧各工艺段含硫化合物进行定性分析，实验结果表明焦化废水中有机硫化物主要为硫醇硫醚类、噻吩类和砜类。经过缺氧生化处理后，出水中硫醇硫醚类、噻吩类的峰消失，表明此类有机硫化合物在缺氧段得到生物降解或吸附去除。而好氧出水中砜类峰仍存在，表明一些砜类物质在生化阶段不能完全降解，需要结合后续深度处理工艺进一步处理。 5、利用全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱对生化出水难降解的含有机物进行筛查，结合NIST标准谱库和标样筛查出二甲基砜、甲基苯基硫醚、2-甲硫基苯酚、1-甲基-4-甲硫基苯、苯并噻唑六种含硫有机物。 |
| 英文摘要 | With the growing demand for steel，China coking industry developed rapidly. Coking industry produced a huge number of coking wastewater, which is a kind of typical industrial organic wastewater of high concentration and high pollution. This became a severe environmental problem. Currently coking wastewater treatment process is still use biochemical process which has some problem like process complex, poor treatment effect, etc. The final effluent is not up to the discharge standard. Therefore, figuring out of the pollutants in coking wastewater, degradation rule and figuring out the residual pollutants in the effluent are the key to meet the emission standards. This paper is about a system of coking wastewater treatment in Inner Mongolia which has some problems. By controlling the inlet water quality, optimizing process and regulating the biochemical system to optimize the system. The main research agenda and results are summarized as follows: (1) Figuring out of the treatment effects of each biochemical process section. In the regulation pool COD is 2703±653mg/L, NH3-N is 84± 34mg/L. Anaerobic tank has no obvious treatment effect. Anoxic tank has high removal efficiency, the removal efficiency for COD and NH3-N in the whole biochemical process are 87.31% and 91.67%. The concentration of the TN in aerobic tank is 99 mg/L After advanced treatment the final effluent can almost meet the second grade of national Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB16171-2012). (2) Through analyzing the composition of the COD, Volatile phenol was 42.55%, sulfide was 1.97%, sulfur cyanide was 22.37%. (3) Exploring the degradation rule of volatile phenol, thiocyanide, sulphide. The concentration of the volatile phenol in coking wastewater is very high, but it can easily be degraded by acclimated active sludge. The removal efficiency of anoxic tank and aerobic tank are 89.50% and 4.69%.After biochemical treatment volatile phenol was almost degraded completely, meeting the emission standard. The concentration of the thiocyanide in coking wastewater is about 869.7 mg/L. The removal efficiency of anoxic tank and aerobic tank are 89.02% and 8.72%. The sulphide can be degraded completed in biochemistry system. The removal efficiency of anoxic tank is about 88.96%. (4) Using XPS for qualitative analysis about the sulfur-containing substance in ―anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic‖ process. The experimental results show that organic sulfides in coking wastewater are mainly mercaptan sulfur ethers, thiophene and sulfones. Sulfones cannot be biochemical degraded completely. (5) According to the result of GC×GC/TOFMS analysis of the aerobic effluent, screening out six kinds of sulfur-containing organic—Dimethyl sulfone, Benzene, (methylthio)-,Phenol, 2-(methylthio)-,Benzene, 1-methyl-3-(methylthio)-. |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/36954]  |
| 专题 | 生态环境研究中心_环境水质学国家重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 宋玉琼. 焦化废水处理工艺优化及难降解含硫有机污染物的识别[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2016. |
| 个性服务 |
| 查看访问统计 |
| 相关权益政策 |
| 暂无数据 |
| 收藏/分享 |
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。
修改评论