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题名	城市生态基础设施通用管理模型构建与应用
作者	徐翀崎
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2016-05
授予单位	中国科学院研究生院
授予地点	北京
导师	王如松 ; 李锋
关键词	生态基础设施，城市管理，标准化流程，模型，情景模拟 ecological infrastructure, urban management, standardized flow, model, scenarios simulation
其他题名	Construction and Application of Urban Ecological Infrastructure General Management Model
学位专业	生态学
中文摘要	城市生态基础设施既是城市复合生态系统的重要组成部分，提供着维持自然生态过程稳定的功能；又是城市基础设施的重要组成，在促进社会经济发展、保障人居环境质量方面发挥着重要的作用。对于城市生态基础设施的科学管理将直接决定着城市生活环境和生活质量的优劣，是推动城市可持续发展的有力手段。因此，为方便城市生态基础设施的科学管理，本文开展了以下几方面的研究：     （1）全面梳理了现阶段关于城市生态基础设施管理的研究成果。从城市生态基础设施管理保护和构建原则、现有管理方法、管理理论基础和模型等方面对现有的研究成果进行归纳总结，对其中管理理论基础中的三个关键问题（识别生态基础设施核心区域、核算合理生态基础设施面积、优化生态基础设施布局）的常见解决方法进行了重点总结、分类，并对每类方法的优劣进行了分析讨论。     （2）构建了城市生态基础设施通用管理模型，方便城市管理者充分运用生态学的知识去评价、规划、管理现有的城市生态基础设施。明确了管理的具体流程：辨识现状——评价现状——找出问题——模拟方案——评价方案——选择方案，并以此流程作为模型使用的一个完整周期构建了三个主要功能模块：辨识模块、模拟模块和评价模块。辨识模块中提出了针对生态基础设施的土地分类标准。评价模块中构建了全面的生态基础设施评价体系，可反映出空间和非空间的两大类问题。模拟模块针对解决空间类的问题提出了标准化模拟流程，并以市域尺度景观格局保护为模拟目标提出了景观格局保护综合模拟方案。     （3）以广州市增城区为案例进行模型实证研究。辨识模块构建了增城区需要使用的空间数据库，模拟模块运用景观格局保护综合模拟方案模拟了增城区建设用地面积比例由15%扩张到25%的空间分布格局，后经过评价模型中景观指数评价指标证实，模拟后的结果景观格局得到了充分的保护。在实际案例应用中，基于ArcGIS建模工具构建了批量处理任意区域间最小累积阻力模型，方便多核心区域的景观格局构建与分析。整体实证结果表明，城市生态基础设施通用管理模型可作为有效的科学工具辅助管理者进行科学决策。     （4）针对城市生态基础设施管理现状，提出未来发展的建议：完善生态基础设施基本数据资料；模型多尺度应用与完善；进一步建立健全生态基础设施管理方法体系和内容。
英文摘要	As an important component of urban complex socio-economic-natural ecosystems and urban infrastructure, urban ecological infrastructure plays an important role in maintaining the stability of natural ecological processes. It furthermore promotes social and economic development, and is important for guaranteeing the quality of the living environment. With rapid urbanization, scientific management of urban ecological infrastructure becomes particularly important, thus we studied some questions about urban ecological infrastructure management (UEIM) as followings:       (1) Firstly the paper reviewed four core components ( definition, principles, management types, and key theoretical problems and related methods) of UEIM, in order to clarify the existing methods, and their strengths and weaknesses, to benefit future urban ecological infrastructure management. The key theoretical problems includes how to identify urban ecological infrastructure hubs, how to determine suitable area of urban ecological infrastructure, and how to optimize the pattern of urban ecological infrastructure.     (2) The paper built a management model named Urban Ecological Infrastructure General Management Model (UEIGM) in order to conveniently help city managers make full use of ecological principles to evaluate, plan, or manage the existing urban infrastructure. We identified the major processes of urban ecological infrastructure management: status identification – status evaluation – problem identification – scenarios simulation –scenarios evaluation – final plan selection. And we designed three core modules based on the management processes —— identification module, evaluation module, and simulation module. In identification module, new land use classification criteria was suggested based on the characteristic of different ecological infrastructures. In evaluation module, a comprehensive evaluation system of ecological infrastructure was put forward which could reflect both spatial problems and non-spatial problems. And in simulation module, standardization of space simulation processes was proposed so as to solve spatial problems. Besides, we put forward a comprehensive simulation program of landscape protection aimed at protecting ecological pattern in landscape scale as an example.     (3) The paper used Zengcheng District as case study to test the validity of UEIGM model. First we used identifying module to build spatial databases of Zengcheng District based on ArcGIS. Then comprehensive simulation program of landscape protection was applied to simulate the landscape pattern with the scenario of city construction land increasing from 15% to 25%. Finally, the result of landscape indicator evaluation showed that simulation result had improved the landscape indicator performance. In this case, a small model was built by ArcGIS, which can calculate all minimum cumulative resistance between any batch for once operation. Overall results showed UEIGM model can be used as an effective tool to help urban managers with policy making.      (4) In the final section, suggestions for future studies were put forward, which highlight the importance of UEIGM at multiple scales. Since apparent connections between the different scales exist, it is important for urban ecological infrastructure management to integrate multiple scale analyses, and to clearly identify the relationships between these different scales. Besides, building the basic database of ecological infrastructure in urban area and improving the ecological infrastructure management methodology and content are also needed.
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/37028]
专题	生态环境研究中心_城市与区域生态国家重点实验室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	徐翀崎. 城市生态基础设施通用管理模型构建与应用[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2016.

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