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	美国雇佣法禁止性别歧视的实践及其启示; The Practices and Enlightenment of Federal Employment Law Prohibiting Sex Discrimination in the United States of American
	蒋月 ; Jiang Yue
	2016-09
关键词	美国法 American law 性别歧视 sex discrimination 立法禁止 legislative prohibition 施行效果 effects 启示 enlightenment
英文摘要	蒋月，现任厦门大学法学院教授，博士生导师。主要研究方向:婚姻家庭法、劳动法与社会保障法、性别与法律。; 【中文摘要】在美国，防治雇佣领域性别歧视的联邦法律是由以《1964年民权法第七章》为代表的数个法案、一个总统行政命令和联邦最高法院反性别歧视的若干判例法组成。雇佣领域反性别歧视之制定法始于《1963年平等薪酬法》。平等、歧视，是法律反歧视的两个最基本的概念和价值观。歧视是指基于求职人或受雇人与生俱来无法改变的特质且该项特质与执行特定工作无关时，对具有该项特质的人实行不同待遇的不合理行为或不公平现象。要求雇主把雇员作为个体来对待，而非将其视为其种族的、宗教的、性别的或者国家的群体之一员。禁止性别歧视，无论是直接歧视还是隐形歧视。防范性别歧视的检查涉及雇佣领域的所有方面、条件、项目和待遇。雇佣机会平等委员会受理和处置歧视投诉，效果好。其中，宪法条款具有司法适用性、坚持平等必须反歧视等理念和实践，对我国相关法律的改进 和完善具有较大参考价值。 【Abstract】In the United States, federal law against employment sex discrimination is composed by the number of Acts, one executive order of the President and the leading cases made by Federal Supreme Court, and Civil Rights Act Chapter VII 1964 is the most important one of them. The first Act with anti sex discrimination in employment is the Equal Pay Act of 1963. Equality and discrimination are the two most basic concepts and values in the anti discrimination law. Discrimination is unreasonable, unfair treatment or practices for applicants or employee based on his or her personal characteristics which cannot be changed after birth, which is no business with implementation of specific work. Employers are required to treat their employees as individuals rather than as members of their race, religion, sex, or national groups. Any sex discrimination is banned, whether direct sex discrimination or invisible discrimination, which are involved with all subjects and aspects of conditions, projects, and treatment in employment. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission accepts and deal with discrimination complaints, the effect is good. Among them, the constitutional provisions with the judicial applicability, adhere to equality must be anti discrimination and other concepts and practices are a great reference to improve the relevant laws better in China.; 本文是厦门大学繁荣计划2014年项目“性别与法律研究”的阶段性研究成果之一。
语种	中文
出版者	厦门大学《妇女/性别研究》编辑部
内容类型	其他
源URL	[http://dspace.xmu.edu.cn/handle/2288/127595]
专题	凤凰百家论丛
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	蒋月,Jiang Yue. 美国雇佣法禁止性别歧视的实践及其启示, The Practices and Enlightenment of Federal Employment Law Prohibiting Sex Discrimination in the United States of American. 2016-09-01.

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