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	26S蛋白酶体的结构生物学研究进展
	王丰 ; 施一公 ; WANG Feng ; SHI YiGong
	2016-03-30 ; 2016-03-30
关键词	26S蛋白酶体 结构生物学 冷冻电镜 X-ray晶体学 Q51
其他题名	Progress in Structural Biology of 26S Proteasome
中文摘要	26S蛋白酶体是真核细胞内负责蛋白质降解的主要分子机器,通过特异性降解目的蛋白质,几乎参与了生物体的绝大多数生命活动.26S蛋白酶体在结构上可分为19S调节颗粒和20S核心颗粒两部分.19S调节颗粒负责识别带有泛素链标记的蛋白质底物及对其进行去折叠,并最终将去折叠的蛋白质底物传送至20S核心颗粒中进行降解.由于26S蛋白酶体的结构组成复杂,分子量十分巨大,现有的X-ray技术和NMR技术对其完整结构的解析都无能为力,仅能解析出部分单个蛋白成员或分子量较低的亚复合物晶体结构.而冷冻电镜技术在相当一段时间内处于发展的初级阶段,导致其三维结构的研究进展曾经十分缓慢,严重阻碍了人们对其结构和功能的了解.近年来,随着在X-ray技术领域对大分子复合物结构解析的经验积累和冷冻电镜技术领域的技术革命,完整的26S蛋白酶体三维结构解析取得了飞速的发展.本文回顾了近几年在26S蛋白酶体结构生物学领域的重要进展,并展望了该领域未来的发展及面临的挑战.; 26S proteasome is the major molecular machine that is responsible for protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. By specifically eliminating target proteins, it is involved in almost every life activities of organisms. 26 S proteasome consists of 47 protein members, and can be divided into 19 S regulatory particle and 20 S core particle. The target protein substrate with polyubiquitin-tag was firstly recognized by 19 S regulatory particle, and then unfolded and translocated into 20 S core particle for degradation. Due to the structural composition complexity and huge molecular weight of 26 S proteasome, the complete structure cannot be resolved with the current X-ray and NMR technology. Only crystal structures of some single subunits and small subcomplex are resolved so far. Yet Cryo-EM technology is under primary developing period in rather a long time. The efforts towards the 3D structure reconstitution of 26 S proteasome were not effective. In the past few years, along with experience accumulation in large molecular complexes structure resolved by X-ray, and technical revolution in Cryo-EM field, the 3D structure reconstitution of the complete 26 S proteasome moves into a new promising stage. This manuscript reviews the recent important progress in structural biology of 26 S proteasome and prospects the development and challenge in the future.
语种	中文 ; 中文
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn/ir/item.do?handle=123456789/148469]
专题	清华大学
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王丰,施一公,WANG Feng,等. 26S蛋白酶体的结构生物学研究进展[J],2016, 2016.
APA	王丰,施一公,WANG Feng,&SHI YiGong.(2016).26S蛋白酶体的结构生物学研究进展..
MLA	王丰,et al."26S蛋白酶体的结构生物学研究进展".(2016).

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