| 题名 | 早期应激和慢性社会应激对猕猴个体神经系统的影响 |
| 作者 | 冯晓丽 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2011-06 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 马原野,胡新天 |
| 关键词 | 母婴分离 恒河猴 HPA轴 可的松 刻板行为 社会等级 年龄 极端攻击行为 |
| 其他题名 | the influences of early adversity and chronic social stress on the central neural system of rhesus monkeys |
| 学位专业 | 神经生物学 |
| 中文摘要 | 第一部分：母婴分离对猕猴可的松和行为造成的长期影响 母婴分离常常被用来模拟人类早期逆境，而且会导致恒河猴HPA轴功能和行为异常。这种负面影响是否能被分离之后正常的生活经历所逆转仍然未知。本研究中，我们考察了母婴分离恒河猴在分别经历了1.5年和3年的正常社会生活之后的HPA轴功能。结果表明，在这两个时间点，母婴分离猴的基线可的松水平都显着低于对照组。在恒河猴经历了1.5年的正常社会生活之后，母婴分离组个体的急性应激反应延迟，可的松分泌峰值的出现远远迟于对照组。同时，在经历了3年的正常社会生活之后，母婴分离猴的行为表现异常。相对于对照组，母婴分离猴的自主活动量显着减少，主动挨近其它猴的时间显着降低，刻板行为时间大大增加。以上结果第一次证明母婴分离对恒河猴的长期影响无法被分离后一段正常社会生活所逆转。同时也表明母婴分离的影响是长期的，母婴分离恒河猴是早期逆境的理想动物模型，可以用来研究早期逆境诱发的某些精神疾病的发生和发展。 第二部分：成年和青年猕猴社会等级和可的松水平的关系 先前关于非人灵长类社会等级和可的松水平的研究结果不一致。这可能与实验动物种类、测定方法、实验动物年龄的不同有关。本研究中将居住于稳定环境中的恒河猴作为实验动物。同时，按其年龄不同划分为成年组和青年组，采用毛发可的松水平的测定方法。结果表明，在成年组中，社会等级和可的松水平负相关。对于青年猴，二者不相关。这个结果可以解释为何先前类似的研究结果不一致。这是由于本研究我们根据年龄分组，各组内部社会等级和可的松水平的关系特点则显现出来。进一步分析发现，成年猴和青年猴的行为差异可能是社会等级与毛发可的松水平关系差异的基础。 |
| 英文摘要 | Part 1: Maternal separation produces lasting changes in cortisol and behavior in rhesus monkeys Maternal separation (MS), which can lead to hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction and behavioral abnormalities in rhesus monkeys, is frequently used to model early adversity. Whether this deleterious effect on monkeys is reversible by later experience is unknown. In this study, we assessed the basal hair cortisol in rhesus monkeys after 1.5 and 3 years of normal social life following an early separation. These results showed that peer-reared (PR) monkeys had significantly lower basal hair cortisol levels than the mother-reared (MR) monkeys at both years examined. The plasma cortisol was assessed in the monkeys after 1.5 years of normal social life, and the results indicated that the peak in the PR cortisol response to acute stressors was substantially delayed. In addition, after 3 years of normal social life, abnormal behavioral patterns were identified in the PR monkeys. They showed decreases in locomotion and initiated sitting together, as well as increases in stereotypical behaviors compared to the MR monkeys. These results demonstrate that the deleterious effects of MS on rhesus monkeys cannot be compensated by a later normal social life, suggesting that the effects of MS are long-lasting and that the maternal separated rhesus monkeys are a good animal model to study early adversity and to investigate the development of psychiatric disorders induced by exposure to early adversity. Part 2: Correlation between social status and cortisol levels in adult and adolescent male rhesus macaques (Mulatta) Previous studies on the relationship between social status and cortisol levels among nonhuman primates have shown inconsistent results. Different animal species, various ways of cortisol measurements and age-related differences of behaviors might contribute to the inconsistency. In the present study, rhesus monkeys living in stable environments were used, hair cortisol was measured and different age-related behaviors in adult and adolescent males were identified. The result showed that social status was negatively related to hair cortisol levels only in adult group, but not in adolescent group. The result might explain the inconsistency of previous studies, as the present study divided adults and adolescents into two groups according to age and the unique correlation of ranks and cortisol levels for each group was brought out. In addition, the dissimilar relationships of social ranks and cortisol levels between the adult and adolescent group were related to age dependent behavioral differences. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-04-24 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://159.226.149.42:8088/handle/152453/7389]  |
| 专题 | 昆明动物研究所_认知障碍病理学 昆明动物研究所_神经系统编码 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 冯晓丽. 早期应激和慢性社会应激对猕猴个体神经系统的影响[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2011. |
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