| 题名 | 基于全基因组及基因数据探讨行为学相关问题 |
| 作者 | 曹雪 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2014-10 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 张亚平 |
| 关键词 | 行为性状 选择检测 演化历史 分子机制 |
| 其他题名 | Exploring the Ethological Issues Based on Genomic and Gene Data |
| 中文摘要 | 行为性状作为生物体诸多性状中的一类性状，其进化问题正受到越来越多的关注。然而行为性状相关的研究却困难重重，即便使用复杂的研究方法也仅能解决其中的一部分问题。近年来全基因组测序技术不断发展，各种全基因组选择检测方法被运用到适应性进化研究中，并且在研究中，一些可能与行为性状适应性进化相关的选择信号被检测到，这让我们意识到全基因组选择检测方法也许可以帮助我们更好地解决行为性状相关的问题。以此为基础，我们开展了一系列行为性状相关的研究工作。 第一章，简要概述了传统行为学研究及适应性进化研究的相关知识及基本方法，目的在于论证选择检测方法运用于行为学研究的可能性；同时为后续章节提供背景介绍。第二章，我们通过正选择检测对灵长类昼夜行为进化历史中的两个存在争议的问题进行了研究，最终推断灵长类夜行到昼行的转化发生在简鼻亚目的共同祖先枝上，并且证明了灵长类的共同祖先是夜行的。第三章，我们运用全基因组重测序技术对转圈行为形成的分子机制进行了研究。结果显示突触功能及谷氨酸能神经系统相关的基因可能在转圈行为的形成过程中扮演了重要的作用。第四章，我们运用群体遗传学方法对候选CDH2基因进行了选择信号检测，以确定候选基因是否与马里努阿犬群体中表现出的独特行为特征相关。结果显示CDH2基因在马里努阿犬群体中受到平衡选择作用，这提示CDH2基因与马里努阿犬群体特异的行为表型相关；并且其中发挥关键作用的可能是G63913941A这一点突变，它可能通过增加C/EBPβ的结合位点来增加CDH2基因的表达，从而对马里努阿犬的行为表现产生影响。最后在第五章，对本文进行了总结，并展望了未来的工作。 |
| 英文摘要 | Behavioral traits as one kind of biological traits，the researches of its evolution are getting more and more attention. However, it is difficult to resolve behavioral problems, even using complicated methods till can’t resolve all problems. With the development of whole genome sequencing technique, whole genome selection tests were used in researches for adaptive evolution, and some signals which may be related to evolution of behavioral traits were got. I see a ray of hope for whole genome selection tests using into ethological researches in this phenomenon. Based on this, we performed some ethological researches. In chapter one, we performed a brief overview of the traditional behavioral researches, the knowledge of adaptive evolution and primary methods for adaptive evolution researches. Purpose lies in argument the possibility of selection tests using in behavioral research, at the same time provide a background for subsequent chapters. In chapter two, we performed whole genome positive selection scanning on the candidate branches to discuss the two problems of circadian rhythm evolution. Finally, we deduced that primate transition from nocturnal to diurnal in the lineage leading to the common ancestor of haplorrhines, and the common ancestor of primate was nocturnal. In chapter three, we used the whole genome re-sequencing methods to detect the molecular mechanism of circling behavior in-depth. These results prompts that synapses function and glutamic acid nervous system relevant genes may play a serious roles in forming process of circling behavior. In chapter four, we used population genetic analyses to do selection tests in CDH2 gene to detect whether it is related to special circling behavior characteristic of Belgian Malinois. The results prompts CDH2 gene experienced balancing selection in the Belgian Malinois population, which means CDH2 gene might be associated with the behavioral characteristics of the Belgian Malinois. Moreover one specific variant, G63913941A, which creates a predicted transcription factor-binding site, may be the key mutation in the CDH2 gene affecting the behavior of Belgian Malinois by allowing C/EBPβ binding on CDH2 to increase the expression of CDH2. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://159.226.149.26:8080/handle/152453/10132]  |
| 专题 | 昆明动物研究所_分子进化基因组学 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 曹雪. 基于全基因组及基因数据探讨行为学相关问题[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2014. |
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