| 题名 | 猕猴属的分子系统学与遗传多样性研究 |
| 作者 | 李青青 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2004-07 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 张亚平 |
| 关键词 | 猕猴属 称猴 分子系统学 恒河猴 线粒体DNA 微卫星 遗传多样性 亚种 |
| 其他题名 | Molecular phylogeny and genetic diversity of macaques |
| 中文摘要 | 用六个线粒体基因片段序列数据，对称猴属的分子系统发育关系进行了分析。8种称猴：台湾猴，北平顶猴，藏酋猴，熊猴，红面猴，J厦河猴，狮尾猴和食蟹猴共40个样本用于本研究。结合从GenBank里下载的雯猴的相应序列，用拂拂作为外群构建了系统发育树。由于六个目的片段均为线粒体基因片段，缺乏重组且作为单一位点遗传，因此我们将六个数据集合并为一个数据集进行分析。我们获得了比前人置信度更高的线粒体系统树。除了红面猴，我们的结果支持Delson（1980）的分组。与前人研究结果一致，红面猴与食蟹猴组成员关系较近（尤其是食蟹猴）。恒河猴（相对于台湾猴），熊猴（相对于藏酋猴）和北平顶猴（相对于狮尾猴）都形成了并系。通过线粒体控制区序列和20个微卫星位点对14个恒河猴地理群体的群体结构进行了研究。微卫星数据和线粒体控制区数据均显示恒河猴有较高的遗传多样度。线粒体数据表明各地区的恒河猴群体间的差异显著大于微卫星数据显示的结果。也就是说，基于微卫星数据所得到的群体间基因流远大于基于线粒体数据所得到的群体间基因流。两种分子标记所得到的结果差异应归因为雌性恒河猴的归家冲动和雄性恒河猴的扩散。线粒体数据显示所有恒河猴群体近期没有发生过快速扩张。微卫星数据显示大部分恒河猴群体近期没有经历过瓶颈效应。恒河猴是分布较广的非人灵长类动物，但它的地理差异研究一直颇有争论且不足以划分其亚种。我们对采自包括印度、越南、缅甸和18个中国地区在内的21个地区共35个恒河猴样品的四个线粒体基因片段（COI，Cofl，COlll和12srRNA）进行了研究。食蟹猴、红面猴、台湾猴和史猴的相应序列作为外群。大约长为100bp的序列用于构建最大似然树和贝叶斯树。与前人结果一致（彭燕章等，1993；蒋学龙等，1995；Groves，2001），西部恒河猴（印度）．相当于M.m.mulatta。根据王应祥（2003）的分类，我们的东部恒河猴可分为四组：M．最早分离出来且一个来自缅甸的恒河猴位于该组基部；M.m.brachyurus和M.m．littoralis组成一个大枝，这个大枝与M.m，lasiotus构成姐妹群。 |
| 英文摘要 | To study the phylogenetic relationships of the macaques, six gene fragments from 40 individuals of 8 species: Macaca mulatta, M. cyclopis, M, fascicularis, M arctoides, M. assamensis, M thibetana, M silenus, and M leonina were sequenced. Additionly, sequences of M. sylvanus obtained from Genbank were also added in our dataset. A baboon was used as the outgroup. Phylogenetic trees were constructed. Because six gene fragments were mitochondrial genome and were inherited as a single entity without recombination, we combined six genes into a single analysis. Phylogenetic trees with higher bootstrap values than earlier studies based on mtDNA analysis were obtained. Excluding M. arctoides, our results are roughly in agreement with the classification of Delson (1980). Our studies also support that the mitochondrial lineages of M. arctoides share a close evolutionary relationship with the mitochondrial lineages of fascicularis group macaques (and M. fascicularis, specifically). M. mulatta (with respect to M. cyclopis\ M assamensis. assarnensis (with respect to M thibetana), and M. leonina (with respect to M. silenus) are mitochondrial paraphyletic. We surveyed the population structure and genetic variation of 14 populations of Macaca mulatta by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequences and 20 microsatellite loci. High diversity in microsatellite data and mtDNA control region data were found. Maternal DNA (i.e., mtDNA) markers indicated that M. mulatta populations are structured geographically while biparental DNA (i.c, microsatellite) markers indicated that M mulatta roughly constituted a single population over the sampled range. Consequently, gene flow estimates (Nm) based on microsatellite data were greater than mtDNA control region, which might be attributed to the consequence of philopatric females vs dispersing males. MtDNA control region data suggested stable population history, thus there was no recent population expanse. Results of the bottleneck tests based on microsatellite data suggested that most of populations were not recently affected by demographic declines. Although Macaca mulatta are the widely distributed non-human primates in the world, data concerning the geographic variation are hotly debated and inadequate for determination of its' subspecies. In present study, a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence dataset from the cytochrome oxidase I, cytochrome oxidase II, cytochrome oxidase HI, and 12SrRNA genes was generated in hope to give a better clarification among rhesus monkeys. Samples (n = 35) from 21 localities including India, Vietnam, Myanmar, and China (18 localities) were analyzed. M fascicularis, M. arctoides, M, cydopis and M. sylvanus were included as outgroup taxa. Sequences about 1900 bp in length were analyzed using maximum-parsimony (MP) and Bayesian methods. Consistent with the previous studies (Peng, 1993; Jiang et aL> 1995; Groves, 2001), the western lineage (India individuals) was corresponding to M. m. mulatta. In contrast with the classification of Wang (2003), four subspecies-assemblages could be identified in eastern lineage from our result: M. m. siarnica, M. m. brachyurus, M. m. littoralis, and M m, lasiotus. Among them, M m" siamica was the first diverged subspecies, of which one Myanmar haplotype located as the basal taxon. M m. hrachyurus and M. m. littoralis formed a cluster which presented as a sister group to M m. lasiotus. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2010-10-15 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://159.226.149.42:8088/handle/152453/6197]  |
| 专题 | 昆明动物研究所_分子进化基因组学 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 李青青. 猕猴属的分子系统学与遗传多样性研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2004. |
| 个性服务 |
| 查看访问统计 |
| 相关权益政策 |
| 暂无数据 |
| 收藏/分享 |
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。
修改评论