| 题名 | 高功率激光驱动器控制系统研究及应用 |
| 作者 | 曾沛颖 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2014 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 刘德安 |
| 关键词 | CORBA EPICS 驱动器控制系统 通道访问机制 分布式数据库 IOC服务器 |
| 其他题名 | Research and Application of Control System for High-Power Laser Facility |
| 中文摘要 | 激光驱动惯性约束聚变的目的是实现可控的核聚变，从而为人类提供更高效的能源供应方式。自从上世纪六十年代激光出现后，前苏联科学院巴索夫提出了用激光引发聚变的建议，前苏联学者在随后的实验中证明了激光聚变概念是正确可行的，自此受控聚变领域出现了一个新的分支——激光驱动惯性约束聚变，并在随后的时间里得到了蓬勃发展。利用激光能产生聚焦良好的能量巨大的脉冲光束特性，采用多路高强脉冲激光对称地集射到球形氘氚靶丸上使之加热，表面消融为高温等离子体，高速喷射出来产生强大的反冲力来挤压靶芯，使之温度和密度急骤升高而发生聚变。为提高装置整体输出能量，激光驱动器光束口径与路数不断提升，其光路总长度和元器件数量增长迅猛，因此控制系统随着各类高功率激光驱动器项目的开展而逐渐发展起来，极大的提高了装置的运行效率，已成为大型高功率激光驱动器必不可少的一部分。 高功率激光驱动器控制系统是一个大型的复杂软硬件综合系统，它负责将驱动器的各个设备有机的组织起来，有效的完成实验运行与数据测量等工作。以往的控制系统大都是针对某一驱动器专门设计使用的，不具备在新建的驱动器装置上复用的能力，而且原有控制系统各个功能模块由不同分系统的人员开发独自开发，没有统一的设计思想和设计框架进行规划，给后续的维护工作带来了巨大的困难。针对这些问题的出现，目前激光驱动器控制系统已经开始呈现出标准化、组件化、复用化、网络化的发展趋势，国外研究人员已经开发了一些的控制系统框架或解决方案，如CORBA技术和EPICS系统等。由于国内的大型激光驱动器起步较晚，在控制系统方面的研究还处于探索阶段，还有许多研究工作需要进行，因此对集中控制系统框架的研究非常必要。 本文首先对驱动器控制领域两种主要控制方法进行了详细的理论分析，然后以EPICS控制系统为应用框架，解决其在神光装置上的工程应用问题，实现了控制系统软件的开发和应用。 本文创新点在于，通过对驱动器装置进行特性分析，提炼总结了构建驱动器装置构建控制系统应注意的特点和技术要求，实现了将EPICS系统首次应用于高功率激光驱动器装置上，完成了准直、测量和能源分系统的理论设计和工程实施，完成了器件、前端和靶场的技术方案设计等工作，为以后开展更大规模驱动器控制系统研制提供了理论技术。在此基础上主要开展了以下研究工作： 1.详细归纳总结了高功率激光驱动器装置及其控制系统方面的相关知识，由于驱动器控制系统属于是一个大型的复杂软件系统，它负责将驱动器的各个设备有机的组织起来，有效的完成实验运行与数据测量等工作，因此对控制系统方面的知识了解可以有利于研究工作的深入进行，并为下一步的系统设计提供了理论基础。 2.分析了以美国点火装置（NIF）集中控制系统（ICCS）为代表的CORBA中间件技术，首先详细介绍了中间件技术的产生和发展，然后从NIF装置出发分析了其构成和运行特点，最后重点分析了为何采用CORBA中间件技术构建ICCS系统的方案，并探讨了该方案的优缺点。ICCS是一个基于面向对象软件框架的事件驱动控制系统，在该系统内有超过300台前端服务器和60000个控制点，因此ICCS构建的最大难题是如何解决不同设备不同系统之间的数据交互问题，而中间件技术则是专门为解决此类问题而诞生出来的软件，中间件技术的典型代表则是CORBA方案，ICCS在CORBA的帮助下实现了对192路光的控制与管理工作。 3.分析了EPICS系统的基本框架构成和工作原理，并分析了EPICS系统的运行特点和技术优势，然后对比了EPICS和CORBA两种控制方案的共性与不同。EPICS目前主要运用于各种加速器和航天控制器领域并逐渐发展至其他控制领域，它为大装置控制系统的设计和开发提供了一个可直接利用的框架，而不再要求开发人员重新设计一个框架，而是将工作重点直接放在各个控制功能的实现上来。 4.提出将EPICS系统应用到高功率激光器驱动器装置上，以实现对控制系统框架的构建，从而利用框架集成工具包实现对驱动器各个设备的相关开发工作。该方法首先分析驱动器的运行特性和相关运行参数得到系统框架构建的结构要求，然后依次构建IOC服务器实现控制功能和参数采集的需求，最后通过MEDA开发操作界面实现人机交互。当各个分系统的控制功能逐步实现后，通过EPICS的通道访问和分布式动态数据库这两个基本机制实现整个驱动器装置的数据共享和整体控制。 5.完成了EPICS控制系统在神光装置上的一系列实践工作，构建了中央控制室和服务器系统，根据装置运行数据需要建立实时数据库及数据存储系统，完成了器件分系统、能源分系统、准直分系统、测量的方案设计开发工作并逐步进行工程实施，完成了测量与准直分系统的在线应用和考核工作。 |
| 英文摘要 | The purpose of laser driven inertial confinement fusion is to achieve controllable nuclear fusion, so as to provide a more efficient way of energy supply for human. Since the 60s of the last century after the appearance of laser, Basov had proposed the proposal that using laser induced inertial confinement fusion, the Soviet Union scholar proved that the laser driven fusion concept is correct and feasible after the subsequent experiments. Since then, laser driven inertial confinement fusion has become a new branch of controlled fusion field and has been booming in the subsequent period. By using the characteristic of laser which can produce good focused pulse beam with giant energy, multi laser beams symmetrically shot into the spherical deuterium-tritium pellet, the great energy will heat the pellet and make the surface ablate as the high-temperature plasma, in this processing, the high-temperature plasma will produce strong counterforce to squeeze the target core, this will make the temperature and the density increase quickly and then trigger the inertial confinement fusion. In order to enhance the overall output energy, the amount of laser beams continuous increased and the aperture of beam became much larger, under the circumstances, the research on control system became more and more important. The control system is an essential part of high power laser facility and greatly improves the running efficiency of the facility. The control system of high power laser facility is a complex system that integrates the hardware and the software, it will be responsible for all equipment and devices control and function realization to make alignment and data measurement work efficiently. Most of the control system is designed for a specific facility to use and does not have the ability to reuse in new laser facility, in the meantime, various functional modules of control system are developed by different teams, there is no uniform framework and planning for system design, which has brought great difficulties to the subsequent maintenance work. In response to these problems, the laser facility control system have shown a standardized, component-based, multiplexing, network trends and foreign researchers have developed some control system framework and solution, just like CORBA and EPICS. Because the development of domestic large scale laser driver is relatively late, the research on control system is still on the exploratory stage and there are many research work needs to be done, so it is very necessary to research on the high power laser facility control system. This paper presents a detailed theoretical analysis of the two major control methods for large-science facility control field, and then taking the EPICS as the framework to design and to realize the control system of SG-II facility, to solve the engineering problems on the laser facility. The innovation of this paper are base on analysis the characteristics of ICF facility, summarizes the characteristics and the technical requirements of building a control system, for the first time to apply EPICS system to building control system for high power laser facility. Complete theoretical design and project implementation of alignment system/measurement system/energy system. Finish theoretical design of amplifier system /font-end system/target system. These research content will provides theory and technology support for larger facility control system in the further.The main research work could be summarized as follows: 1.Detailed summarized the related knowledge of high power laser facility and control system, because the laser facility control system is a large and complex integrated system, it will be responsible for all equipment and devices control and function realization, so to comprehend the knowledge of the control system will be beneficial to further research. 2.Using the Integrate Computer Control System (ICCS) of NIF as a representative to analysis the CORBA middleware technology. First, to introduce the emergence and development of middleware technology; and then to analyze the structure and operation characteristics of CORBA; finally, we discuss why using the CORBA middleware technology to build the ICCS system and the advantages and disadvantages of CORBA. ICCS is an object oriented software framework control system based on event drive, there are 300 FEPs and 60000 control points in this system, so the biggest Challenge is how to solve the data exchange between different systems and different equipment. The middleware technology is designed to solve such problems and CORBA is the typical representative of this technology. With CORBA’s help, ICCS can realize the control and management of the 192 beams. 3.This chapter mainly discusses the basic framework and operate mode of EPICS system. Firstly, to analyze the operational characteristics of the EPICS system, and then to compare the similarities and differences between CORBA and EPICS. At present, EPICS is mainly used in accelerator field and aerospace control field, gradually extended to other large-science facility control system. The EPICS provides a framework that can be used directly for design and developing the control system of large-science facility, this will make it unnecessary for the developers to design a new system framework, but to focus on the realization of various control functions. 4.This chapter proposes a method that using the EPICS to construct the control system of high-power laser facility, so we can use the integration toolkits to realize the development works of each subsystem. Firstly, we should analyze the operation characteristics and the running parameters of the facility to get the requirements of control system, and then construct the IOC server to realize the control function and parameter collect requirements, finally, using the MEDA to develop the human-computer interface. When the control functions of each subsystem are gradually realized, we can achieve data sharing and integrated control by using the channel access and the dynamic distributed database of EPICS. 5.After completing the application of using the EPICS to construct SG-II facility control system, a central control room and a function sever system had been built; a real-time database and data storage system had also been built to meet the demand of facility operation. We have completed subsystem design and development work, including Amplifier subsystem, Energy subsystem, Alignment subsystem and Parameter Measurement subsystem. The online application of Alignment subsystem and Parameter Measurement subsystem have been finished and passed the assessment |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/15849]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 曾沛颖. 高功率激光驱动器控制系统研究及应用[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2014. |
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