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题名	科学家的社会网络及其变化对知识创造的影响——以中国科学院“百人计划”入选者为例
作者	黄真浩
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2015-05
授予单位	中国科学院研究生院
授予地点	北京
导师	白新文
关键词	社会网络 知识创造 百人计划 归国移动 网络变化
其他题名	Effects of Researcher’s social network and its changes on knowledge creation: Evidence from the Incumbents of CAS Hundred Talents Program
学位专业	心理学
中文摘要	科学技术是国家的核心竞争力。新时期，中国将“创新驱动发展”列为国家发展战略。科技发展最终要靠人才来实现。为了加快中国科技发展进程，国家出台了一系列的引进人才政策。这些人才归国后需要克服多种挑战，然后才能顺利开展科学研究。 科研越来越依赖团队来完成，团队合作就会形成社会网络。这些归国人才回国后，既要与原来的社会网络保持联系，又要建立新的社交网络。科研具有延续性，但归国移动使得归国人才的社会网络发生了变化，这些变化势必会影响他们的知识创造。因而，研究社会网络与知识创造的关系也有重要意义。 鉴于此，本研究以中国科学院“百人计划”入选者为例，研究社会网络及其变化对知识创造的影响。 我们首先基于一个 519人的问卷调查研究探讨社会网 络是否会影响知识创造。之后用社会网络分析的方法，基于生物领域的 148位入选者，来具体探讨社会网络影响知识创造的具体机制。在研究2中我们分为三个问题进行具体探讨， 我们首先探讨社会网络的结构属性和关系属性如何影响知识创造；接着，我们关注在归国移动的背景下，入选者入选前的社会网络是否能预测其归国后的知识创造；最后，我们考虑社会网络的变动是如何具体影响知识创造的。 研究结果发现，社会网络会影响知识创造，归国科学家的社会网络与其自评的科研绩效和是否获得杰青呈正相关。同时，社会网络通过网络密度和关系强度从不同角度影响知识创造，具体表现为网络密度与知识创造呈负相关，关系强度与知识创造呈正相关。另外，在归国移动的背景下，归国科学家入选前的网络密度仍然能负向预测其入选后的知识创造， 但入选前的关系强度无法预测入选后的知识创造。最后，社会网络的变动会影响知识创造，有核心网络的科学家的知识创造更好；社会网络合作者的增加比例对知识创造没有影响，退出比例与知识创造负相关。 本研究充分探讨了社会网络及其变化对知识创造的影响。本研究不仅探讨了社会网络的结构属性和关系属性对知识创造的影响，还研究了在归国移动的背景下，前一阶段的社会网络对之后的知识创造的影响。同时，我们还从动态的角度发现了社会网络的变化对知识创造的影响。 本研究在理论上对加深社会网络与知识创造的关系有一定贡献。在实践上，本研究可为政策制定者制定人才引进政策的标准和为人才归国后创造条件构建社会网络提供参考， 还可为青年人才和归国科学家如何利用社会网络来促进知识创造提供建议。
英文摘要	In the new era, China put forward "innovation-driven development" as a national development strategy. Technological development ultimately depends  on talents  to achieve. In order to accelerate the development of China’s science and technology, the government started a series of talents-introduction policies. When those talents returned to China, they had to overcome a variety of challenges to successfully gain scientific output. Research is increasingly dependent on team to complete, and working in teams will form social networks. When those talents returned home, it was necessary to maintain contact with the former  social network, but also to establish a new social network. Scientific Research must be done with continuity, but the mobility from their host countries to home countries caused changes to their social network. These changes will certainly affect their knowledge creation. Thus, the study of the relationship between social networks and the creation of knowledge was also essential. In view of this, the present study  took "Hundred Talents Program" of Chinese Academy of Sciences as an example, and then studied  the impact of social networks and its changes on knowledge creation. We began with a study to explore whether social networks can affect knowledge creation. Then in the second study we focused on the specific mechanisms that social network influenced knowledge. In the second study, we specifically departed it in  three issues, we  firstly explored  the relationship between structural and relational properties of social networks and knowledge creation; then, we were concerned that  in the  context of return mobility,  whether the former  social networks could predict  their knowledge creation after returning; finally, we consider how changes in social networks impacted knowledge creation. The dissertation found the self-report social network positively related with self-report knowledge creation and whether Outstanding Young was obtained. At the same time, network density and  tie  strength  influenced knowledge creation from different aspects, specially, the network density negatively correlated with knowledge creation, and tie  strength  positively correlated  with  knowledge creation. In addition, in the context of return mobility, the network density before return could negatively predict knowledge creation after return, while the tie strength could not. Finally, the network changes influenced the knowledge creation, specially, the scientists with core network performed better than scientists without core network, and proportion of dropped ties negatively correlated with knowledge creation. This study full explored the impact of social network and its changes on knowledge creation. The study not only explores the effects of structural property and relational property of social network on knowledge creation, but also studied the impact of former social network on latter knowledge creation in the context of return mobility. From a dynamic point, We also found network changes influenced knowledge creation. This study deepen  our understanding of  the relationship between social network and knowledge creation.  In practice, this study could help policy makers  to make talents introducing standard and gave advice to young talents on how to use social network to promote knowledge creation.
语种	中文
学科主题	应用心理学
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/19596]
专题	心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室
作者单位	中国科学院心理研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	黄真浩. 科学家的社会网络及其变化对知识创造的影响——以中国科学院“百人计划”入选者为例[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2015.

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